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Term 4: ID practice > Gram (-) zoonotics > Flashcards

Gram (-) zoonotics Flashcards

1
Q

Who is at increased risk for zoonotic infection?

A
  • people who handle animals
  • persons exposed to arthropods
  • people exposed to unprocessed food
  • travelers
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2
Q

What is the typical presentation of someone with a zoonotic infection?

A
  • Systemic febrile illness, unknown origin
  • skin or soft tissue infection
  • pneumonia
  • encephalitis
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3
Q

Why is pneumonic plague bad news?

A
  • rapidly progressive pneumonia
  • high rates of transmission
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4
Q

What are the symptoms of ulceroglandular Tularemia?

A
  • Ulcer at site of infection
  • followed by swollen, painful lymph nodes
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5
Q

What are the symptoms of Glandular Tularemia?

A

-swollen painful lymph glands

*no development of ulcers

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6
Q

What are the symptoms of Oropharyngeal Tularemia?

A
  • Tonsillitis
  • vomiting & diarrhea
  • maybe some gland swelling in neck
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7
Q

What are the symptoms of Oculoglandular Tularemia?

A
  • pain, redness, swelling, and discharge of eyes
  • dev. of an ulcer on inside of eyelid in some cases
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8
Q

What are the symptoms of Pneumonic Tularemia?

A
  • sore throat & swelling of pulmonary lymph nodes
  • sudden fever, chills, headache, myalgia, joint pain, dry cough , and progressive weakness
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9
Q

What are the symptoms of Typhoidal Tularemia?

A
  • systemic illness (fever, chills, etc.) without site of infection or localized symptoms
  • possibly fatal
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10
Q

What are the symptoms of septic Tularemia?

A
  • systemic illness
  • patient appears toxic
  • may develop confusion and coma
  • w/o Tx: shock, ARDS, organ failure
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11
Q

How do we distinguish an Ehrlichia infection from a Rickettsia infection?

A
  • Ehrlichia invades WBC’s, Rickettsia endothelial cells
  • No rash in Ehrlichia
  • Neutropenia more likely in Ehrlichia than Rickettsia
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12
Q

What organism causes Cat scratch fever?

A

-Bartonella henselae

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13
Q

What disease does Bartonella quintana cause?

A

-Trench fever

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14
Q

“homeless pt w/ a fever that lasts 4-5 days”

A

Bartonella quintana = trench fever

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15
Q

What disease does Brucella cause?

A
  • Undulant fever
  • Brucellosis (“the great imitator”)
  • osteomyelitis
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16
Q

What organs can Brucella suis damage?

A
  • spleen
  • Kidney
17
Q

What is the frequent cause of brucella infection?

A

-ingestion of unpasteurized dairy products

18
Q

single cells like “fine sand”

A

Brucella

19
Q

Francisella tularensis is considered a _________ agent.

A

Bioterrorism

20
Q

Describe the pathogenesis of tularemia.

A
  • Painful ulcer at site of infection
  • travels through ulcer to lymph nodes
  • caseating granulomas at lymph nodes
21
Q

What does pasturella cause?

A
  • Cellulitis at location of cat/dog bite in first 24 hours
  • osteomyelitis
22
Q

“bipolar staining resembling safety pin”

A

Yersinia

23
Q

“Rash starting on hands and feet, moving centrally”

A

Ricketsia ricketsii - Rocky mountain spotted fever

24
Q

22 y/o woman from Mexico comes to ER with 4 weeks of fever, arthralgias. T 101, HR 95, BP 125/80, RR 20. No focal findings on exam. Admitted with unrevealing investigations. ID consulted for “Fever unknown origin” on day 5. As med student on service you ask “What kind of cheese do you like to eat?”

What is the causitive agent?

A

Brucella

25
Q

43 y/o man comes to your office with 3 days of neck swelling and fever. Recently on hunting trip to eastern Oklahoma with lots of “bites”. T 101, HR 75, BP 110/75, RR 20. Has ulcerated lesion on neck with lymphadenopathy. You call the laboratory to tell them to be careful if the blood cultures turn positive because you suspect?

A

Francisella

26
Q

A 39 year old man from Travis County, Texas, was hospitalized with a 1-day history of high fever, delirium, nausea, and vomiting. Although lymphadenopathy was not detected on the initial examination, a prominent axillary bubo was noted later. The patient recovered after treatment with multiple antibiotics, including gentamicin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin. Before his illness, the patient had hunted rabbits in Lea County, New Mexico, and skinned the rabbit carcasses.

What was the causitive organism?

A

Yersinia pestis

27
Q

44 y/o man brought to BT ER after being found outside bar. T 101, HR 130, BP 70/40, RR 35. Bite marks found on hands and arms. Admitted, started on broad-spec Abx. Lab calls 18 hrs after admission saying “Gram-negative rods are growing in his blood”

What is the causitive agent?

A

Pasteurella multicoda

28
Q

31 y/o man comes to SLH ER with complaints of fever, malaise, severe headache for 3 days. Recent camping trip to Lake Of the Ozarks (Missouri). T 102, HR 110, BP 110/40, RR 20. Admitted, started on broad-spec Abx. Day 3 gets generalized rash.

What is the causative agent?

A

Rickettsia rickettsii

Term 4: ID practice (22 decks)

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