cervical 2 Flashcards
during flex/ext theta ___ is coupled with ___ translation, at a normal range of 3.5mm
X
Z
lat bend causes spinous processes to move toward the convex (contralat) curve, so (+)theta __ is coupled with (-)theta ___ (& VV)
Z
Y
the steepest arches of curvature at at:
C6 & C7
- four lig that limit pos theta x (flex)
- ALL limits neg theta x
PLL
ligamenta flava
IS
ligamentum nuchae
shape of the sup and inf surfaces of the VB
sellar (saddle)
in the CS, the shape of the VB ensures that along the x axis, ___ is reduced and ____ is promoted
translation
rotation
- structure that serves as guides to couple lat flex with rot
- limits pure lat flex to only a few deg
uncinate processes
inferior facet orientation for CS TS & LS respectively (sup facets will be opposite for all
C: AIL
T: AIM
L: AIL
cervical average facet orientation is __ degrees
45
prior to 20 yo, the artic cart of the Z joint has ___ mm thickness, and thins with age
1-1.3
what happens to the avasc/annerv IVD during disc degen and osteoarthritis
increase vascularity & innervation
for proprioception, superficial layers show receptors resembling ____ (vibe/pressure) while deeper layers resemble ____ (periph compression/alignment)
pacinian copruscles (type II, MAJORITY) golgi tendon organs (type III)
- ____ mechanoreceptors are responsive to extremes rather than mid range of jt motion
- only small # in C facet capsules, each resp for a large receptive field
facet
- ____ coordination req complex proprioceptive neck muscle inputs (high spindle content)
- high propriocep content make spindles ideal jt position/movement sensors
head-eye
- change in the stim-response profile of dorsal horn neurons so they resp on mechanoreceptive afferents as if they were nociceptors
- hurt =/= harm
sensitization
