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Child Development > Theories > Flashcards

Theories Flashcards

1
Q

Bandura

A 
Social Learning Theory. Children learn by observing others.
Attention
Remember
Motivation
Skills

Bobo doll experiment

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2
Q

Skinner

A

Operant conditioning

Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Punishment

Rat experiment

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3
Q

Bronfenbrenner

A

Children are influenced by their family, friends and community.

Microsystem
Mesosystem
Exosystem
Macrosystem

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4
Q

Piaget

A 
Stage model of cognitive development-  children use experiences to create their own thoughts and logic
Stages of development-
Sensorimotor- 0-2yrs
Pre operational - 2-7yrs
Concrete operational - 7-11 yea
Formal operational - 11-15yrs

Moral development-
Pre moral - 0-4yrs
Moral realism - 4-7yrs/7-11yrs
Moral relativism- 11+yrs

Schemes - assimilation & accommodation

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5
Q

Vygotsky

A

Children learn by being with and supported by adults and other children

ZAD - zone of actual development
ZPD - zone of proximal development
MKO- more knowledgable other

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6
Q

Chomsky

A

Suggested that children are born with a LAD (language acquisition device) to enable them to learn language.
There is a critical period in which children need to be exposed to language. This is the first 10 years of their lives. If they miss the critical period, they will struggle to learn and speak language .

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7
Q

Athey

A

Extended Piaget’s theory of schemas

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8
Q

Bruner

A

Scaffolding snd spiral curriculum- adults can support children to learn quite complex concepts

Modes of thinking-
Enactive
Iconic
Symbolic

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9
Q

Information Processing Theory

A

Memory
Storage
Retrieval

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10
Q

Erikson

A

Personality is affected by our interaction with others

Basic trust vs mistrust - 0-1yr
Autonomy vs shame - 2-3yr
Initiative vs guilt - 4-5yr
Industry vs inferiority - 6-12yr
Identity vs confusion- 13-18yr
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11
Q

Harter

A

Self esteem is the product of self concept and our ideal self

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12
Q

Kohlberg

A

Stages of moral development- Young children are amoral

Pre conventional - 6-13yrs
Conventional- 13-15yrs
Post Conventional/Principled- 16-20yrs

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13
Q

Bowlby

A

Maternal deprivation can cause long lasting mental issues

Stages of separation anxiety-
Protest
Despair
Detachment

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14
Q

Ainsworth

A

Strange situation

Type A - anxious avoidant
Type B - securely attached
Type C - anxious resistant

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15
Q

Cooley

A

Looking glass theory - children develop self image as a rest of others reaction to them

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16
Q

Big five

A

Personality is defined into 5 traits

Openness
Conscientiousness 
Extroversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
17
Q

Harlow

A

An experiment to show that food alone is not sufficient to form a mother-child bond, you need security, warmth and reassurance as well

18
Q

Pavlov

A

Classical conditioning- children learn through association

Dog salivating experiment

Child Development (12 decks)

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