Unit IX Flashcards
What was the scientific revolution?
A sudden radical and complete change of ideas, a new way of thinking about the natural world
How did things like the Renaissance, Reformation, Age of Exploration, printing press, new technology, etc. lead to the Scientific Revolution?
Renaissance: secular movement, more open
Reformation: questioning church
Printing press: mass production, spread of ideas
New technology: telescope
Exploration: discover new lands
What was the geocentric theory? Who advanced this theory?
Earth centered
Ptolemy and Aristotle
What did Nicholas Copernicus contribute to the Scientific Revolution? Johann Kepler?
Copernicus reasoned that the planets orbited around the sun. Kepler discovered elliptical orbits.
Why was Galileo such a controversial figure? What eventually happened to him?
He disproved the church’s teaching, and told the public when asked not to. He was put on house arrest.
What was the Enlightenment?
It was an “age of reason.” Secular view of the world. New ideas, government, philosophy.
What did enlightened philosophes like Locke, Voltaire, Montesquieu, Rousseau, and Adam Smith contribute to the founding of the United States? Are any of these ideas still true today?
Locke: life, liberty, pursuit of happiness
Voltaire: freedom of speech; deism
Montesquieu: separation of power- checks and balances
Rousseau: man is born free
Adam smith: state shouldn’t interfere w economic matter (capitalism)
Yes, ex:Adam smiths cause we have capitalism in our country
What was the Old Regime?
The social and political system of France. The 3 estates
Who made up the Third Estate?
97% of the people.. paid heavy taxes.. bakers, peasants
Discuss the problems facing the French Monarchy leading up to the Revolution.
- Debt (Versailles, helping America, Marie’s spending)
- Shortage of food
- taxing of 3rd estate
Why did Louis XVI call the Estates-General to convene?
Because he had problems that needed to be solved and because of the proposed taxation of the 2nd estate
Who formed the National Assembly?
3rd estate
How was the dismantling of the Bastille a symbol of something greater? How can destroying a symbol be revolutionary? Can you think of examples today?
The Bastille was a symbol of the government.. Being taken down piece by piece. Destroying it was a sudden, radical change. Ex 9/11
What are some similarities and difference between the Declaration of Independence and the Declaration of the Rights of Man?
Both discuss rights, taxation, corrupt government. Differences are that dec of independence was like here’s what your doing wrong, and the dec of man was more like our constitution
What is ironic about the “Committee of Public Safety”? Who headed it?
The committee of public safety was all about killing everyone, not keeping people safe, and started reign of terror. Maximillen Robespierre
