3.7.2 Populations

Question 1

Define species

Answer 1

A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring.

Question 2

Define population

Answer 2

All the organisms of a particular species that live in the same place.

Question 3

Define gene pool

Answer 3

The range of different alleles existing for a particular locus within a population.

Question 4

Define allele frequency

Answer 4

The proportion of a certain allele within a gene pool, expressed as a decimal or percentage.

Question 5

What does the Hardy-Weinberg principle allow us to estimate?

Answer 5

Allows us to estimate the frequency of alleles in a population, as well as if allele frequency is changing over time.

Question 6

Give the 5 assumptions of the Hardy-Weinberg principle

Answer 6

1. No mutations occur to create new alleles. 2. No migration in or out of the population. 3. No selection, so alleles are all equally passed on to the next generation. 4. Random mating. 5. Large population.

Question 7

Hardy-Weinberg: What must the frequencies of each genotype for a characteristic add up to?

Answer 7

1.0

Question 8

What is the Hardy-Weinberg equation for genotype frequency?

Answer 8

p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1

Question 9

What does p2 represent in the Hardy-Weinberg equation?

Answer 9

Frequency of homozygous dominant

Question 10

What does 2pq represent in the Hardy-Weinberg equation?

Answer 10

Frequency of heterozygous

Question 11

What does q2 represent in the Hardy-Weinberg equation?

Answer 11

Frequency of homozygous recessive