Neoplasia

Question 1

What is the commonest site of metastasis for colon cancer?

Answer 1

Liver-colon

Question 2

What are 5 features of benign tumours?

Answer 2

Growth is slow
Growth is non-invasive
No metastatic spread
Don't recur when removed
Tumour margins are not well defined

Question 3

What are five features of malignant tumours?

Answer 3

Growth is rapid
Growth is invasive/destroys tissue
Tumour spreads
Recurrence after excision is very common
Tumour margins are well defined

Question 4

Name benign tumours and their tissue of origin.

Answer 4

Papilloma (squamous epithelium)
Adenoma (glandular epithelium)
Fibroma (fibrous)
Osteoma (bone)
Chondroma (cartilage)
Lipoma (fat)
Angioma (blood vessel)

Question 5

Name malignant tumours and their tissue of origin.

Answer 5

Squamous cell carcinoma (squamous epithelium)
Adenocarcinoma (glandular epithelium)
Fibrosarcoma (fibrous)
Osteosarcoma (bone)
Chondrosarcoma (cartilage)
Liposarcoma (fat)
Angiosarcoma (blood vessel)

Question 6

What does ‘-sarcoma’ generally indicate?

Answer 6

Malignancy of connective tissue

Question 7

What does ‘carcinoma’ generally indicate?

Answer 7

Malignancy from epithelial origin

Question 8

What is a lymphoma?

Answer 8

Malignant tumour of the lymphoid tissue

Question 9

What is a melanoma?

Answer 9

Malignant tumour of melanocytes

benign is naevus/mole

Question 10

What is a teratoma?

Answer 10

Benign or malignant tumour of germ cells (cells present in the wrong place)

Question 11

How do carcinomas spread?

Answer 11

Lymphatics

Haematogenous

Question 12

How do sarcomas spread?

Answer 12

Blood (lymphatic spread rare)

Question 13

How does lung cancer spread?

Answer 13

Local nodes, liver, bone & brain

Question 14

How does squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue spread?

Answer 14

Neck node, later lung and spine

Question 15

What are the three main routes of metastatic spread of cancer?

Answer 15

Lymphatic
Haematogenous - via blood
Transcoelomic - across a body cavity e.g. peritoneal cavity