Orthopaedic surgery Flashcards
1
Q
Clinical signs of fracture
A
Pain Deformity Shortening Crepitus (grating noise caused by rubbing of bone ends together) Swelling and discoloration Impaired function Abnormal movement
2
Q
Types of fracture
A
- Simple (closed - no damage to skin)
- Compound (open - skin is broken)
- Pathological eg diseased bone (tumour, osteoporosis)
3
Q
Stages of bone healing
A
- Haematoma forms between ends of bone (deadbone reabsorbed by osteoclasts)
- Granulation and capillary development
- Osteoblasts start to form soft callus (new bone)
- Callus matures and bone end reunited by approx 3 weeks
- Remodelling
- Original features
4
Q
Methods of fracture stabilisation
A
Plaster casts Traction External splints/braces Internal fixation External fixation
5
Q
What is a fracture
A
A break in the continuity of bone