Chapter 2 - Resiliance

Question 1

Latin term?

Answer 1

Resilire- bounce back.

Question 2

PR - Garmezy (1971)

Answer 2

Mothers with severe schizophrenia:

• peer and teacher reports
  (one negatively affected subset)
  (One competent/normally developing subset)

Identified differentiating RFs.

= attributes: relations, acedemic, commitment.

Question 3

PR Werner, 1989 Kuali longitudinal study.

Answer 3

N= 700

201 identified at risk children, Hawaii.

72 developed competently/normally.

Attributes: temperaments, self confidence, motivation.

Question 4

What did PR invulnerability suggest?

Answer 4

That some children were constitutionally tough- didn’t give in or way to adversive situations.

Question 5

What did Masten (2006) determine?

Answer 5

Resilience/invulnerability is not a fixed quality.

It fluctuates and varies throughout a persons development.

Question 6

What did newly adapted research aim to do?

Answer 6

No longer deficit approach- now psychopathology.

Looking at positive outcomes and adaptive functioning.

Question 7

Difference between protective and vulnerability factors?

Answer 7

Keyes, 2009: PF modify and frotect the pathway of deve. outcome.

Newman, 2004: VF renders a person more susceptible to a threat.

Question 8

Project competence?

Answer 8

Masten, 1995

205 Minneapolis school children

7,10,20 yrs

Supported protective factors!

Question 9

What is the definition of resilience? (Hunter, 2012)

Answer 9

Manifesting adaptive or competent functioning in spite of being exposed to high levels of risk/adversity.

Question 10

Who said resilience is not an individual trait- but a process.

Answer 10

Luther, 2000

Question 11

Masten (2000) determined there were 10 PFs. Who categorised it?

Answer 11

Haneworld, 2011

3 categories: individual, family, community.

Question 12

Adverse conditions are arguably?

Answer 12

Vulnerability factors.

The resilience and combination of PFs.

Question 13

Hetherington’s (1999) study?

Answer 13

Studied children of divorce.

Resilience= temperament, low inter parental conflict, nurturant parenting and social support.

Question 14

Ward’s (2007) study?

Answer 14

Community violence.

Resilience and PFs= family support, cohesion, school support.

It’s multidimensional! = resilience in some domains and not others. (Supports Willms)

Question 15

Jaffee’s 2007 study?

Answer 15

906,000 maltreated children

Maltreatment- very potent RF

Measures: parental supports and welfare involvement.
(Not reliable! Needs multi informants)

For MD- resilience had to be seen over T1 and T2.
(Only 3%! Even with stringent criteria)

Question 16

Criticism of Jaffee’s study?

Answer 16

No severity/chronicity measure.

Question 17

So is reliance multi-dimensional in individual differences?

Answer 17

It’s not an all or nothing phenomenon.

It’s inconsistent across domains.

Question 18

Who discovered inner distress?

Answer 18

Farber, (1987)

Maltreated children showed some resilient behaviour.

But also inner distress.

Question 19

What did Luther (1993) examine?

Answer 19

Provided evidence to support Farber’s work.

Inner city youth, n=140

3 measures: Sch/soc competence, sch achievement, emotional distress.

Vulnerable to emotional distress!

Question 20

What did Roberts (2004) conclude?

Answer 20

Resilience depends upon other people and other systems of influence.

Question 21

How many methodological issues are there?

Answer 21

9!

Definitions, subjective, multidimensional, integration, PF correlates, prospective studies, age groups, minority groups, consensus.