Atomic Structure Flashcards
Where are the protons and neutrons found in the atom?
They are found in the centre of the atom, called the nucleus.
Where are the electrons in an atom?
They orbit the nucleus in electron shells.
What is the mass of a proton?
1 atomic mass unit
What is the mass of a neutron?
1 atomic mass unit
What is the mass of an electron?
Electrons are so light that their mass can be ignored.
What charge does a proton have?
A positive charge
What charge does a neutron have?
A neutron is neutral.
What charge does an electron have?
Electrons are negatively charged.
What structure do the electrons in electron shells follow?
There are two electrons in the first shell, and then 8 in the subsequent shells.
How can the arrangement of electrons in an atom be shown?
They can be shown by its electronic structure, ie. 2, 8, 8, 1 (Potassium)
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons (equal to the number of electrons)
What is the mass number?
The number of protons plus the number of neutrons
What are isotopes?
Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
What is the relative atomic mass?
The relative atomic mass (RAM or Ar) of an element takes into account the different proportions of each naturally occurring isotope.
What is the relative formula mass?
The relative formula mass (RFM or Mr) of a substance is found by adding up the RAMs as shown in the chemical formula.
