(38) foundations of radiography

Question 1

ALARA concept

Answer 1

Concept of radiation protection that states that all exposures should be kept “as low as reasonably achievable.”

Question 2

anode

Answer 2

The positive electrode in the x-ray tube.

Question 3

ampere

Answer 3

aunit of electric current

Question 4

atom

Answer 4

The basic unit of matter.

Question 5

bremsstrahlung radiation

Answer 5

“Braking radiation.” The sudden deceleration of electrons as they interact with highly positively charged nuclei.

Question 6

cathode

Answer 6

The negative electrode in the x-ray tube.

Question 7

central ray

Answer 7

X-rays at the center of the beam

Question 8

contrast

Answer 8

Differences in degrees of blackness on an image.

Question 9

control panel

Answer 9

The portion of the x-ray unit that contains the master switch, the indicator light, the selector buttons, and the exposure button.

Question 10

density

Answer 10

The overall darkness or blackness of an image.

Question 11

dental radiography

Answer 11

The process of recording images of the teeth and adjacent structures by exposure to x-radiation.

Question 12

digital imagining

Answer 12

A filmless method of capturing an image and displaying it by using an image receptor, an electronic signal, and a computer to process and store the image.

Question 13

distortion

Answer 13

Change in the size of an image caused by incorrect vertical angulation.

Question 14

dose ( of radiation )

Answer 14

The amount of energy absorbed by tissues.

Question 15

dosimeter

Answer 15

A device used to detect and measure an accumulated dosage of radiation.

Question 16

electron

Answer 16

A negatively charged particle in the atom.

Question 17

energy

Answer 17

The ability to do work.

Question 18

extension arm

Answer 18

Flexible arm that is attached to the x-ray tubehead.

Question 19

genetic effect

Answer 19

Effects of radiation that are passed on to future generations through genetic cells.

Question 20

image

Answer 20

Film-based or digitally produced recordings of anatomic structures.

Question 21

image receptor

Answer 21

A recording medium for an image, normally film, phosphor storage plate (PSP), or a digital sensor.

Question 22

intensity

Answer 22

The total energy of the x-ray beam.

Question 23

ion

Answer 23

An electrically charged particle.

Question 24

ionization

Answer 24

Process by which electrons are removed from atoms, causing the harmful effects of radiation in humans.

Question 25

ionizing

Answer 25

Radiation that produces ionization, resulting in harmful effects.

Question 26

kilovoltage peak

Answer 26

Highest voltage of x-ray tube used during an exposure.

Question 27

latent

Answer 27

Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and appearance of symptoms.

Question 28

lead apron

Answer 28

Device used to protect the reproductive and blood-forming tissues from scatter radiation.

Question 29

magnification

Answer 29

The proportional enlargement of an image

Question 30

master switch, indicator light, selector buttons, exposure button

Answer 30

Components of control panel. Matter Anything that occupies space and has form or shape.

Question 31

matter

Answer 31

Anything that occupies space and has form or shape.

Question 32

milliampere

Answer 32

One one-thousandth (1/1000) of an ampere; a unit of measurement used to describe the intensity of an electrical current.

Question 33

penumbra

Answer 33

The blurred or indistinct area that surrounds an image.

Question 34

personal radiation monitoring badge

Answer 34

A device that measures exposure of personnel to ionizing radiation by measuring the intensity of visible light emitted from a crystal in the detector when heated. The intensity of light emitted is dependent upon the radiation exposure.

Question 35

photon

Answer 35

A minute (tiny) bundle of pure energy that has no weight or mass

Question 36

primary beam

Answer 36

The most penetrating beam produced at the target of the anode.

Question 37

primary radiation

Answer 37

Same as primary beam.

Question 38

quality ( of x ray beam )

Answer 38

The mean energy or penetrating ability of the x-ray beam.

Question 39

quantity ( of x ray beam )

Answer 39

The mean energy or penetrating ability of the x-ray beam.r

Question 40

radiation

Answer 40

Forms of waves of energy emission through space or material.

Question 41

radiograph

Answer 41

Image produced on photosensitive film by exposing the film to radiation and then processing it.

Question 42

radiology

Answer 42

The science or study of radiation as used in medicine..

Question 43

scatter radiation

Answer 43

A form of secondary radiation that occurs when an x-ray beam has been deflected from its path by interaction with matter.

Question 44

secondary radiation

Answer 44

X-radiation that is created when the primary beam interacts with matter.

Question 45

sensor

Answer 45

A solid-state image receptor that contains a silicon chip with an electric circuit.

Question 46

sharpness

Answer 46

A measure of how well an image reproduces the fine details or outline of an object.

Question 47

somatic

Answer 47

Effects of radiation that cause illness and are responsible for poor health (such as cancer, leukemia, and cataracts) but are not passed on to offspring.

Question 48

thyroid collar

Answer 48

A flexible lead shield that is placed securely around the neck.

Question 49

tubehead

Answer 49

The part of the x-ray unit that contains the x-ray tube, the high-voltage and low-voltage transformers, and insulating oil.

Question 50

tungsten target

Answer 50

A focal spot in the anode.

Question 51

x-radiation

Answer 51

High-energy ionizing electromagnetic radiation