Chapter 2 - Cells

Question 1

What does an animal cell have that a plant cell doesn’t?

Answer 1

A centrosome

Question 2

What is the function of a Cell Wall?

Answer 2

A rigid structure made of cellulose which gives the cell it’s structure.

Question 3

What is the function of a Cell Membrane?

Answer 3

Thin layer of protein and fat that surrounds the cell. It is semi-permeable, controlling the substances that can come in and out of the cell.

Question 4

What is the function of cytoplasm?

Answer 4

Jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which organelles are located.

Question 5

What is the function of a Vacuole?

Answer 5

Plant cells of a single large one. Animal cells have multiple small ones. Stores the cells digested food and its waste products.

Question 6

What is the function of a nucleus?

Answer 6

Controls many functions of the cell and contains the cells genetic material.

Question 7

What is the function of a mitochondrian?

Answer 7

Converts the energy stored in glucose to useable energy for the cell

Question 8

What is the function of a Ribosome?

Answer 8

Produce protein which are used to repair the cell when it is damaged.

Question 9

What is the function of a chloroplast?

Answer 9

Contains chlorophyll which is need for photosynthesis.

Question 10

What is the equation linking Image Size Actual Size and Magnification

Answer 10

I
A M
Image Size = Actual Size x Magnification

Question 11

cm -> mm ?

Answer 11

X10

Question 12

mm -> micrometre ?

Answer 12

x1000

Question 13

Micrometre -> nanometre ?

Answer 13

x1000

Question 14

What is a tissue?

Answer 14

Cells forming a definite kind of structural material with a specific function

Question 15

What is a cell?

Answer 15

A microscopic structure containing nuclear and cytoplasmic material

Question 16

What is an organ?

Answer 16

Grouping of tissues into a distinct structure.

E.g heart

Question 17

What is the relationship between Calls, Tissues and Organs

Answer 17

Tissues are made of Cells and Organs are made of tissues

Question 18

What is diffusion?

Answer 18

When molecules move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. They are said to move down a concentration gradient.

Question 19

What is osmosis?

Answer 19

The movement of water from a high to low concentration through a partially permeable membrane.

Question 20

What is a partially permeable membrane?

Answer 20

A membrane that has small holes in it and only lets small molecules (water and gases) move through it. It does not let large solute molecules (salt) go through it.

Question 21

What is the partially permeable membrane in a cell?

Answer 21

A cell membrane

Question 22

Diffusion is a ________ process which means that ________________ is needed.

Answer 22

Passive

No energy

Question 23

What does the rate of diffusion depend on?

Answer 23

The distance the particles have to travel and the distance in concentration

Question 24

What is active transport?

Answer 24

Movement of substances in and out of cells by diffusion. The molecules move from a lower concentration to a higher concentration.

Question 25

Two examples of diffusion.

Answer 25

How oxygen leaves a leaf

Spread of the smell of perfume

Question 26

Example of osmosis

Answer 26

How water keeps plant cells turgid

Question 27

Example of active transport

Answer 27

How minerals get into root hair cells.

Question 28

Active transport requires ________

Answer 28

Energy

Question 29

What does active transport and idffusion have in common

Answer 29

They both have transport of solutes

Question 30

What does active transport and osmosis have in common?

Answer 30

They both need a semi permeable membrane

Question 31

What does osmosis and diffusion have in common?

Answer 31

They both are passive processes.

High to low concentration

Question 32

What is a passive process?

Answer 32

Needs no energy

Question 33

What organelles do plant cells have that animal cells don’t?

Answer 33

Cell Wall and a Chloroplast