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Arabic > Area Studies: Semester 2 > Flashcards

Area Studies: Semester 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Largest City in Egypt

A

Cairo

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2
Q

The three Great Pyramids of Giza

A

Cairo / Giza

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3
Q

Second larges city in Egypt, 225 km from Cairo

A

Alexandria

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4
Q
  • Economic, cultural, and commercial center
  • Founded by Alexander the Great in 331 b.c.
  • Capital of Greco-Roman Egypt
  • Center of Learning in the Ancient World
  • Was home to Pharaohs, ancient lighthouse
  • Greco-Roman museum, Roman theater, Montazah Palace, Boardwalk
A

Alexandria

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5
Q
  • South of Sinai

- Coral reef, rare colorful fish, scuba diving

A

Ras Muhammad

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6
Q
  • Where Moses received the Ten Commandments

- In Sinai and part of The Holy Mountains

A

Mount Moses

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7
Q
  • At the foot of Mount Moses
  • Built to hold the remains of St. Catherine of Alexandria
  • Has large collection of art and manuscripts
  • Contains 10th century mosque and a small chapel called Skull House which holds the skulls of deceased monks.
A

St. Catherine’s Monastery

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8
Q
  • 90km south of Baghdad
  • Cradle of human civilization
  • King Hammurabi created the Code of Hammurabi while ruling here
  • Tower of Babel
  • Hanging Gardens
A

Babylon

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9
Q
  • 370km Southeast of Baghdad
  • Was Sumerian Capital
  • Built around 4000 b.c.
  • Birthplace of Abraham
  • Known for pyramid shaped tower and royal tombs
A

Ur

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10
Q
  • In Northern Iraq on Eastern banks of Tigris River

- Known for palaces of Assyrian Kings

A

Nimrud

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11
Q
  • Third Capital of Assyria

- Known for walls set with 15 Gateways named after Assyrian Gods

A

Ninevah

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12
Q
  • Built in Pre-Roman times by the Nabataeans, nomadic bedouins
  • Rose-red city carved into the hills of the Arabian Desert
  • Known for the Treasury, Monestary, Ampitheater, and Royal Tombs.
  • Shown in the film Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade
A

Petra

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13
Q

Known for its famous ancient gates

A

Jerash

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14
Q
  • 25 miles from Amman

- Known for its hot springs

A

Ma’in Spa

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15
Q
  • Located on the Red Sea

- Resort city with nightclubs, beaches and water sports

A

Aqaba

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16
Q
  • One of the oldest cities in the world
  • In Southwest Syria
  • Was capital of Umayyad / Islamic Empire
  • Founded approx. 2000 b.c.
  • Known for Umayyad Mosque built in 705 a.d.
A

Damascus

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17
Q
  • On the outskirts of Tadmor, 210km Northeast of Damascus
  • Was known as the Rome of the East
  • In 3rd Century was ruled by Queen Zenobia who conquered Roman provinces from Egypt to Asia Minor
  • Was trading stop for the tribes on the road between Syria and Iraq
  • Known for 2 miles of temples and colonnades, ampitheater, baths, triumphal arch and symmetrical roads
A

Palmyra

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18
Q
  • Largest port in the Eastern Mediterranean
  • Center for finance, commerce and tourism in the Middle East
  • Economic and cultural center for Lebanon
  • Known as the Paris of the Middle East
  • Civil war lasted for more than 15 years
  • Known for American University, National Museum, casinos, night clubs
A

Beirut

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19
Q
  • 350km North of Damascus
  • Established 3rd millenium b.c.
  • Known for National Museum, Ummayad Mosque, citadel
  • Second most important city in Syria
A

Aleppo (Haleb)

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20
Q
  • 85km from Beirut
  • Looks down on Beqqa Valley
  • Known for Roman ruins including temples to gods such as Jupiter, Venus, Mercury, and Bacchus, especially the Great Temple to Saturn with its six well preserved columns
  • Also known for its Ummayad Mosque
  • The Baalbeck Festival is held in the Great Court complex
A

Baalbeck

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21
Q
  • 102km from Beirut

- Known for Ski Resorts

A

The Cedars

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22
Q
  • Located in Jerusalem

- Built in 687 a.d.

A

Dome of the Rock

23
Q
  • 3rd holiest place for Muslims
  • Earliest mosque built in Palestine
  • Rebuilt by the Abbasids after original was destroyed by earthquake in 8th Century
  • Architectural expression of the Prophet’s Night Journey to Heaven
A

Al Aqsa Mosque

24
Q
  • Capital City

- Known for old city, markets, Ottoman museums, Zitouna Mosque, amusement park, zoo

A

Tunis

25
Q
  • 12.5 miles North of Tunis
  • Built in 814 b.c.
  • Fell to Rome during Punic Wars
  • Hannibal was famous General from this place
  • Ancient Roman ruins
A

Carthage

26
Q
  • 1st country to recognize the independence of America
  • Developed with a mix of African, Islamic, Arab, Berber, and European influences
  • Known for Roman ruins, medieval cities, Berber fortresses, and Islamic monuments
A

Morocco

27
Q
  • Has 20 miles of shoreline along the Atlantic Coast
  • Considered Morocco’s Los Angeles
  • Financial and industrial capital
  • Mohammed V Airport is a former US Air Force base
  • Known for Mohammed V Mosque
A

Casablanca

28
Q
  • Known for Hassan Tower

- Archaeological Museum

A

Rabat

29
Q

Known for Kasbah and Roman ruins

A

Fez

30
Q

Known for markets

A

Marrakech

31
Q
  • Diverse population with over 30 nationalities represented
  • Low in pollution, traffic jams, and crime
  • Oil rich and large tourist destination
  • Known for vast desert, pearl rich coasts, and duty free shops
A

Dubai

32
Q

???

A

Abu Dhabi

33
Q

Capital city of Saudi Arabia

A

Riyadh

34
Q
  • 2nd largest city in Saudi Arabia
  • Located along the Red Sea west of Mecca
  • Gateway to Mecca and Medina
  • Known for Ottoman buildings, tourism, and boardwalk
A

Jeddah

35
Q
  • Spiritual center of Islam
  • Forbidden to non-Muslims
  • Known for the Kaaba and Plain of Arafat
  • Muslims worldwide face towards here during prayer
A

Mecca

36
Q
  • 2nd holiest city in Islam

- Forbidden to non-Muslims

A

Medina

37
Q
  • 2nd capital of the Nabataeans who used to control Northwest Arabia
  • Located on ancient trade route linking Arabian Peninsula with Yemen and Syria
  • Known for rock-cut tombs in hills
A

Madain Saleh

38
Q
  • Capital city of Yemen
  • Founded around 4000 b.c. possibly by Noah’s son Sam
  • One of the oldest city’s ten gateways remains
  • The old city is known for its houses, markets, baths, and mosques
  • One of the oldest in the Islamic world
  • National Museum has relics dating back to the Kingdom of Sheba
A

Sanaa

39
Q
  • Capital city

- Known for the Liberation Tower, one of the tallest towers in the world, 40m taller than the Eiffel Tower

A

Kuwait City

40
Q
  • Man-made island connected to Kuwait City that spans 20km of coastline was completed in 1988
  • Major vacation destination for Kuwaiti people
  • Known for open theater, tourist tower, and children’s castle
A

Green Island

41
Q

Appetizers

A

Mezzeh

42
Q

Most popular dessert in the Middle East

A

Baklava

43
Q

The main meal of the day is..

A

Lunch

44
Q

Tipping

A

Baksheesh

45
Q

Fuul - cooked and mashed fava beans blended with garlic, lemon, olive oil and salt, is usually eaten with bread and vegetables and is a common breakfast choice in..

A

Egypt

46
Q

Tamiya or Falafel - made of chick peas or fava beans which are mashed, shaped into balls and then fried. Common to…

A

Egypt

47
Q

Meals are often served and eaten from a central serving platter using hands and pita to eat with in…

A

Morocco

48
Q

Couscous is common to…

A

Morocco and other North African countries

49
Q

Cuisine of this county is rich and varied and includes:

  • Kebabs,
  • dolmas - grape leaves stuffed with rice and spices, - masgouf - uses fish from the Tigris,
  • quzi - stuffed roasted lamb,
  • kubba - minced meat, nuts, raisins and spices -wrapped in rice or bulgar,
  • and sammoon - flat rounds of bread.
A

Iraq

50
Q

Cuisine from this country is known for its variety and quality.

Appetizers - Many are vegetarian such as Tabouli, Hummus, Baba Ganouj and Olives

Main Dishes - Mujaddora - made of lentils and basil, Kibba Niya - raw meat, cracked wheat and spices

Meal usually ends with fruit or sweets, coffee or tea, and the argila.

A

Lebanon

51
Q

Known for their sweets, especially those made from cheese.

A

Tripoli

52
Q

Cuisine of this area differs from other Arab cuisine because it is mixed with Indian cuisine.

Commonly used spices are ginger, cardamom, pepper, saffron, cumin, cinnamon, and curry.

Indian dishes such as biryani and chicken curry are very popular here.

A

The Gulf

53
Q

Cuisine in this area is a blend of Indian, Arabic, French and African cooking. Most food includes a combo of rice and meat or fish, flavored with locally grown spices such as vanilla, cardamom, black pepper, cloves, netmeg, and cinnamon.

A

The Horn of Africa

54
Q

Famous drink from the Horn of Africa, a home brew of coconut milk and fruit juice

A

Comoran Trembo

Arabic (7 decks)

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