Anatomy and function of the ANS and hypothalamus Flashcards
boundaries of the hypothalamus
mammillary bodies and lateral sulcus
Name the 4 main functions of the hypothalamus
Homeostasis, rheostasis, growth and repro development and function
How does the hypothalamus regulate homeostasis
hormonal and neural signals to target tissue/ organ. receives hormonal, neural and humoral signals back and responds accordingly
Hypothalamus control of thermoregulation
anterior hypothalamus decreases your temp vis vasodil and sweating
post hypothal increases your temp via vasocon and shivering and brown fat and thermogenesis
lesions in the ant hypothalamus cause?
hyperthermia
what is brown fat
fat pads that take up a lot of glucose so generate a lot of heat
How do we regulate water balance
if dehydrated paraventricular nucleus and supraoptic nucleus increase ADH –> thirst and kidneys- water retention
Intake and expenditure in energy balance
INTAKE - food intake and appetite
EXPENDITURE - BMR, thermogenesis, locomotor, growth
Describe how the hypothalamus regulates food intake
when you’re hungry it releases ghrelin. you then eat, when you’re full autonomic stretch receptors relay back to the hypothlamus, CCK PYY and GLP1 are released and sensed by the hypothalamus to stop eating
what happens if leptin levels fall?
your appetite increases, you BMR decreases and your reproduction decreases
orexigenic and anoretic neurons do what
orexigenic stimulate food intake and anorectic inhibit food intake (diff NTs)
What is rheostasis
circadian variation and seasonal variation. regulating things like sleep wake, body temp, HR, organ function, ability to concentrate
whats the master clock called
super chiasmatic nucleus
which hormone released by hypothalamus is involved in thermoreg as well
TRH
