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Chemistry Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the mass and charge of a proton?

A

Mass- 1. Charge- positive.

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2
Q

What is the mass and charge of an electron?

A

Mass- 1/1836. Charge- negative.

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3
Q

What is the mass and charge of a neutron?

A

Mass- 1. Charge- neutral

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4
Q

What is the mass number?

A

Number of protons and neutrons added together.

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5
Q

What is the atomic number?

A

Number of protons equivalent to electrons.

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6
Q

How are molecules held together?

A

Covalent bonds

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7
Q

What is a covalent bond?

A

When atoms share electrons to fill their outer shells

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8
Q

What is oxidation?

A

The loss of electrons

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9
Q

What is reduction?

A

The gain of electrons

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10
Q

What is the test for oxygen?

A

Glowing spill- relights

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11
Q

What is the test for hydrogen?

A

Lit spill- squeaky pop

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12
Q

What is the test for carbon dioxide?

A

Lit spill- goes out/ turns limewater cloudy

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13
Q

What is endothermic?

A

Breaking bonds takes heat energy in

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14
Q

What is exothermic?

A

Making bonds gives heat energy out

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15
Q

What temperature does pure water boil at?

A

100’

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16
Q

What temperature does pure water freeze at?

A

0’

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17
Q

How is am ion formed?

A

When atoms react by losing or gaining electrons from another atom

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18
Q

what is the flame colour for lithium?

A

crimson-red

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19
Q

what is the flame colour for sodium?

A

bright orange

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20
Q

what is the flame colour for potassium?

A

lilac

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21
Q

what is the flame colour for copper?

A

blue/green

22
Q

what is the flame colour for calcium?

A

brick-red

23
Q

metal oxide + acid =

A

salt + water

24
Q

metal + acid =

A

salt + hydrogen

25
Q

metal hydroxide + acid =

A

salt + water

26
Q

metal carbonate + acid =

A

salt + water + carbon dioxide

27
Q

what cation leaves a blue precipitate?

A

copper ll

28
Q

what cation leaves a green precipitate?

A

iron ll

29
Q

what cation leaves a brown precipitate?

A

iron lll

30
Q

what ion leaves a white precipitate when mixed with silver nitrate and nitric acid?

A

a chloride ion

31
Q

what ion leaves a cream precipitate when mixed with silver nitrate and nitric acid?

A

a bromide ion

32
Q

what ion leaves a yellow precipitate when mixed with silver nitrate and nitric acid?

A

an iodide ion

33
Q

what is a catalyst?

A

something that speeds up a reaction

34
Q

what is the name of something that speeds up a reaction?

A

a catalyst

35
Q

what do elements in group 8 not form?

A

ions

36
Q

what percentage of oxygen is in the air?

A

21%

37
Q

do metals lose or gain electrons?

A

they lose electrons

38
Q

do non-metals lose or gain electrons?

A

they gain electrons

39
Q

what gas is yellow?

A

fluorine

40
Q

what gas is green?

A

chlorine

41
Q

what liquid is orange?

A

bromine

42
Q

what solid is black?

A

iodine

43
Q

how many outer shell electrons do the halogens have?

A

7

44
Q

what is diatomic?

A

two atoms

45
Q

what observations are there when magnesium burns in oxygen?

A

brilliant white flame and a white solid is left

46
Q

formula for hydrochloric acid

A

HCl

47
Q

formula for sulphuric acid

A

H2So4

48
Q

formula for nitric acid

A

HNo3

49
Q

formula for carbonic acid

A

H2Co3

50
Q

formula for phosphoric acid

A

H3Po4

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