Amyloidosis Flashcards
1
Q
Epidemiology amyloidosis?
A
- Male predilection
- Middle age ~60y
2
Q
What is amyloid?
A
Group of proteins (15+) characterised by certain properties
3
Q
What are the subtypes of amyloidosis?
A
- Primary (a/w monoclonal plasma cell dyscrasias)
- Secondary (follows tissue destructive/inflammatory process)
- Hereditary (e.g.w/ fam med fever)
- Senile
- Localised
4
Q
Causes of secondary amyloidosis?
A
- TB
- RA
- MM
- Crohn’s
- Ank spond
- Sjogren’s
- Dermatomyositis
5
Q
What are the systemic forms of amyloidosis?
A
- Am Light Chain (AL)
- Am Associated (AA)
- AB2M: from B2 microglobulin
- ATTR (amyloid transthyretin)
6
Q
What is amyloid light chain?
A
Synthesised by plasma cells; seen in conditions with monoclonal proliferation of these cells
7
Q
What is amyloid associated?
A
- Derived from serum associated amyloid associated (SAA) protein; synthesised by liver - forms part of HDL3 lipoproteins
- Generally seen in chronic inflamm diseases or FMF
8
Q
What are the forms of localised amyloidosis?
A
- A4B2 (beta amyloid) seen in Alzheimer
- AANF (isolated atrial amyloidosis)
- AIAPP: amyloid in TIIDM pancreas
- ACal
9
Q
Amyloid histology?
A
- Insoluble extracellular proteinaceous substance of cross-B-pleated sheets
- Apple green birefringence
- Pink red on Congo Red stain
