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ED/Surg > ED Drugs > Flashcards

ED Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

How to tx BP too high/low?

A

high: hydralazine
low: norepinephrine

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2
Q

How to tx HR too high/low?

A

high: cardizem
low: dopamine

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3
Q

How to tx BG too high/low?

A

high: reg insulin IV
low: D50 or D5 1/2 NS IV

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4
Q

How to tx agitated pt?

A

B52: benadryl 25mg, haldol 5mg, ativan 2mg

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5
Q

How to tx somnolent pt?

A

naloxone

Romazicon

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6
Q

How to tx tylenol OD?

A

mucomyst (acetylcysteine)

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7
Q

How to tx inflammation?

A

decadron

solu-medrol

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8
Q

How to tx baby w/fever?

A

tylenol PR

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9
Q

How to tx adult w/fever?

A

toradol

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10
Q

How to tx baby vomiting?

A

zofran

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11
Q

How to tx adult vomiting?

A 
zofarn ODT
phenergan PR (promethazine)
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12
Q

How to sedate baby?

A

versed nasally

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13
Q

How to sedate adult?

A

propofol IV

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14
Q

How to tx baby croup w/ stridor?

A

racemic EPI SVN

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15
Q

How to tx adult w/ difficulty breathing?

A

duoneb

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16
Q

How to tx common kid infxn?

A

bactroban top
amox PO
omnicef PO

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17
Q

How to tx common adult infxn?

A 
kelflex PO
Z pack PO
levaquin PO
Rocephin IM
vancomycin IV
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18
Q

Abx ears?

A

amox

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19
Q

Abx sinuses?

A

augmentin

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20
Q

Abx throat?

A

pen VK

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21
Q

Abx lungs - go to and big gun?

A

go to: azithromycin

big gun: levaquin

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22
Q

Abx GI?

A

cipro and flagyl (metronidazole)

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23
Q

Abx urinary?

A

mild: bacrobid
mod: bactrim
severe: cipro

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24
Q

Abx skin?

A

keflex

+bactrim for MRSA

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25
Q

IF YOU DON’T KNOW THE BUG?

A

doxycycline

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26
Q

How to prevent yeast infxn?

A

diflucan

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27
Q

Pt has inc HR and BP, temp, pupils; low bowel sounds and diaphoresis? Other sx? Tx?

A

anticholinergic: oxybutyn -tx overactive bladder
other: AMS, dry skin, seizures
tx: benzo, physostigmine

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28
Q

Pt has dec pupils; incr bowel sounds and diaphoresis? Other sx? Tx?

A

cholinergic: donepezil -tx alzheimers
N/V, defecation
tx: atropine

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29
Q

Pt has dec HR, BP, RR, temp, pupils, bowel sounds, diaphoresis? Other sx? Tx?

A

opoids: morphine, heroin
other sx: CNS depression
tx: narcan/naloxone

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30
Q

Pt has incr HR, BP, PP, RR, temp, pupils, bowel sounds, diaphoresis? Other sx? Tx?

A

sympathomimetic: cocaine
other: psychomotor agitation
tx: cooling, sedation

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31
Q

Pt has ams, hyperreflexia, and increased temp? Tx?

A 
seratonin sx (SSRI OD)/sympathomimetic
tx: benzo +  cooling
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32
Q

How to reverse anticholinerase?

A

antropine

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33
Q

How to reverse benzo?

A

flumazenil

34
Q

How to reverse B blockers/CCB?

A

glucagon

ca

35
Q

How to reverse carbon monoxide?

A

O2

36
Q

How to reverse cyanide?

A

Na nitrite

37
Q

How to reverse digoxin?

A

digoixn specific AB

38
Q

How to reverse isoniazid?

A

pridoxine (B6)

39
Q

How to reverse methanol?

A

ethanol, folate

40
Q

How to reverse narcotics?

A

naloxone

41
Q

How to reverse tricylcic antidepressants?

A

Na bicarb

42
Q

What is metronidazole?

A

abx (flagyl)

GI abx

43
Q

ADR and DI of metronidazole?

A

ADR: carcinogen
DI: ETOH, wafarin

44
Q

What is TMP-SMX? Indications?

A

abx - folate antagonist
used for UTI
DNA synthesis

45
Q

DI for TMP SMX?

A

DI: displacement of drugs from protein binding

46
Q

What is ciprofloxacin?

A

abx - fluoroquinolone

GI abx, UTI

47
Q

DI for cipro?

A

DI: cation containing foods/drugs, OCP

48
Q

What is 3rd gen cephalosporin? Forms?

A

ceftriaxone
broader spectrum
IV/IM

49
Q

DI for ceftriaxone?

A

ETOH, anticoag, OCP

50
Q

What is lidocaine?

A

cardiac depressant-Na blocker

IB antiarrythmic

51
Q

What are the opioid receptor agonist?

A 
oxycodone w/ APAP
hydrocodone
tramadol
morphine
fentanyl
hydromorphone
nalbuphine
52
Q

What to keep in mind about oxycodone?

A

metabolizes to oxymorphine - drug test

53
Q

Naloxene/naltrexone reverses?

A

oxycodone

hydrocodone

54
Q

What is used for pallative care?

A

oxycodone

hydrocodone

55
Q

What causes respiratory depression?

A 
oxycodone
hydrocodone
tramadol
hydromorphone
morphine
56
Q

What’s good about morphine?

A

well known
cheap
lots of forms

57
Q

Which analgesic can be used in pts w/kidney probs?

A

fentanyl

hydromorphone

58
Q

What is good about hydromorphone compared to morphine?

A

use w/ renal probs
less pruritus
less constipation

59
Q

What is bad about fentanyl?

A

100x more potent than morphine

60
Q

When to use Nalbuphine?

A

when pt is crashing hard

61
Q

What is nalbuphine?

A

opioid mixed + Mu opioid receptor antagonist

62
Q

What is good about nalbuphine?

A

less respiratory depression than morphine

63
Q

Which opioid has the quickest onset?

A

Fentanyl/hydromorphone (1-5min) –> nalbuphine (2-3min) –> Morphine (5-10min)

64
Q

Which opioid lasts the longest?

A

Fentanyl ( morphine and hydromorphone (3-4hrs) –> nalbuphine (3-6hrs)

65
Q

What is ketorolac?

A

NSAID and non selective COX inhibitor

66
Q

How long can you use Ketorolac?

A

5days - MI, CVA, GI bleeding; BLEEDING

67
Q

What drug to use if pt is agitated?

A

benzo but if hx of pyschosis add on antipyschotic med

68
Q

What to add on to benzo if you want analgesia?

A

ketamine

69
Q

What drug causes cdad/cdiff?

A

clindaymycin

70
Q

What to use with dizziness and vomiting?

A

ondansetron: 5 HT3

71
Q

How to control N/V in post op?

A

ketorolac

scopolamine

72
Q

When should PCA be used?

A

not used in all pts but in long term pain control resp derpession adn OD can occur

73
Q

Why should B blockers be used?

A

to prevent MI

74
Q

What if pt is on warfarin?

A

stop 5 days prior to surgery

PT/INR should be checked 1 day before surgery

75
Q

How to manage warfarin?

A

PT/INR

76
Q

When should heparin be used?

A

for bridge therapy who are at high risk for clots

also use warfarin together to bridge

77
Q

What to monitor when taking clindamycin?

A

CBC
BUN/Cr
LFT

78
Q

What are the antiemetics?

A

scopolamine

promethazine

79
Q

Which antiemtics should be used in pt vs out pt?

A 
in pt (post op) - scopolamine
out pt - promethazine
80
Q

What does scopolamine do?

A

anticholinergic and muscarinic antagonist

81
Q

What is promethazine?

A

inhibits H1 muscarinic

ED/Surg (9 decks)

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