B1: Diet, Metabolic Rate and Factors Affecting Health

Question 1

Why do you need the different food groups?

Answer 1

1. Carbohydrates to release energy
2. Fats to keep warm and release energy
3. Protein for growth, cell repair and cell replacement
4. Fibre to keep the digestive system working properly
5. Tiny amounts of vitamins and mineral ions to keep skin, bones, blood and everything else healthy

Question 2

Why does the body need energy?

Answer 2

To fuel the chemical reaction in the body that keep you alive?

Question 3

Define metabolism.

Answer 3

The chemical reactions, that happen in the body, that keep you alive.

Question 4

Define metabolic rate.

Answer 4

The speed at which the chemical reactions in you body occur.

Question 5

Why are there slight variations in the resting metabolic rate for different people?

Answer 5

1. Gender usually affect this because men are slightly bigger and have a larger proportion of muscle compared to men.
2. More muscular people will have a higher resting rate because muscle requires more energy than fatty tissue does.
3. Physically bigger people will have a higher resting rate than smaller people because the bigger you are the more energy your body needs to be supplied with.

Question 6

What happens to metabolic rate during and after exercise?

Answer 6

Metabolic rate will increase and stay high for some time after exercise because the body requires more energy during exercise.
- This means that your activity level affects the amount of energy your diet should contain.

Question 7

Define the term ‘malnourished’.

Answer 7

Someone whose diet is badly out of balance.

Question 8

What food groups can lead to obesity?

Answer 8

Excess carbohydrates or fats.

Question 9

What other factors can lead to obesity?

Answer 9

Hormonal problems, bad diet, overeating and a lack of exercise.

Question 10

What health problems can arise as a result of obesity?

Answer 10

• Arthritis
• Type 2 diabetes
• High blood pressure
• Heart disease
• Some types of cancer

Question 11

What causes an increase in your blood cholesterol levels?

Answer 11

Too much saturated fat in your diet.

Question 12

Too much salt in your diet can cause…?

Answer 12

High blood pressure and heart problems

Question 13

What problems can arise if a person suffers from lack of food?

Answer 13

• Slow growth in children
• Fatigue
• Poor resistance to infection
• Irregular periods in women
• Deficiency diseases

Question 14

How does exercise help you to stay healthy?

Answer 14

Exercise increases the amount of energy used by the body and decreases the amount stored as fat. It also builds muscle so it boosts your metabolic rate.