Oncology Literature Flashcards

1
Q

What chemo drug results in central neurotoxicity in ABCB1-1 mutation dogs?

A

Vincristine = Should NOT get full dose

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2
Q

Which chemo drug results in gastric hypomotility and what could be done about it?

A

• Vincristine results in gastric hypomotility in dogs

Tx with mosapride improved hypomotility and decrease adverse GI effects of vincristine

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3
Q

What can do done if extravasation of IV doxirubicin?

A

Recommend IV dexrazoxane within 6 hours to reduce injury

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4
Q

Did chemo induced sepsis affect MST?

A

NO :)

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5
Q

What is known about chemo induced sepsis?

A

• Chemotherapy induced sepsis: More common in dogs that weight less and dogs with lymphoma (compared to solid tumors)
○ Significantly more likely to have gotten doxirubicin or vincistrine
○ No difference in MST compared to controls

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6
Q

What has results in Acute hyperammonemia (1000umol/l) in dogs being tx for LSA?

A

L-asparginase

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7
Q

What is true about FeLV expression in LSA cats?

A

• FeLV in Feline LSA: 80% T cells and 60% B cells have provirus DNA while only 21% T Cell and 11% B cell lymphoma have FeLV antigen expressed

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8
Q

How did p53 expression affect prognosis with LSA?

A

If + worse prognosis

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9
Q

Why should you use flow to stratify LSA dogs?

A

There is a T cell LSA (T-Zone LSA) that has an indolent course and a different prognosis
• T-Zone LSA: Unique immunophenotype (CD4 +, CD45 neg) - Indolent course
○ MST: 637 days. 40% Goldens, median age 10 yrs
○ Lymphadenopathy and lymphocytosis

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10
Q

Which was superior to predict immunophenotype in LNs, flow or PARR?

A

found that FLOW CYTOMETRY was superior to PARR in correctly predicting immunophenotype in LNs
○ FC agreement with IHC: 94%; PARR and IHC ONLY 69%
○ FC: Sen: 91% B cell; 100% T cell
○ PARR: Sen 67% B cell; 75% T cell

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11
Q

What is the outcome of dogs treated with bone marrow transplant for T cell LSA?

A

• Autologous peripheral blood Hematopoietic Cell Transplants can be used in dogs with T Cell Lymphoma
○ Peripheral blood mononulcear cells collected and infused after total body irradiation
○ 87% dogs (13/15) engrafted, 13% died (2/15)!
○ DFI: 184 days, Overall survival 240 days (15% alive over 700 days)

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12
Q

What is the outcome of dogs treated with bone marrow transplant for B cell LSA?

A

• Autologous peripheral blood hematpoietic cell transplantation can be used in dogs with B cell lymphoma
○ 87.5% engrafted, 8.3% died (1 dog had delayed engraftment and died 45 days later)
○ 1 had pulmonary fibrosis from total body irritation
○ FDI: 271 days; Overall survival 463 days

33% got transplant before relapse and they remain in clinical remission OS 524 days

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13
Q

What is known about tarsal LSA in cats?

A

• Tarsal lymphoma in cats (nonepitheliotropic) and high grade, with systemic involvement
○ MST: 190 days

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14
Q

In dogs with LSA that relapse after completed 6 month CHOP can they go back on CHOP?

A

YES!
• Retreatment with CHOP is effective in dogs that completed 6 month CHOP
○ Remission 78%, MST: 159 days
○ Second remission duration was associated with remission duration after initial chemo

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15
Q

What are predictors of long term survival (>2 yrs) in LSA?

A

BW >10 kg, PCV> 35%, no hyperiCa, centroblastic lymphoma, B cell, no BM involvement, Stage 1 -IV, no tx with steroids
○ Some of these dogs died of other cancers = Mainly OSA

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16
Q

What can be used to identify recurrence of LSA in dogs?

A

• Lactate dehydrogenase could be helpful in identifying episodes of recurrence in dogs with LSA

17
Q

Should you immunophenotype CLL dogs?

A

YES!
• Immunophenotype is useful to predict survival in dogs with CLL
○ T cell CLL had 3 fold higher probability of surviving compared to B cell CLL (19X compared to atypical CLL)
○ Youngers dogs with B cell CLL and anemia dogs with T cell CLL has shorter survival

18
Q

What significantly increased survival rates at 12 and 24 months for dogs with non-resectable MCT?

A

• Masitinib

19
Q

What is true regarding cit-kit mutation status of primary MCT and mets?

A

• c-kit mutational status is conserved bwtn primary tumors and secondary mets of these tumors - Suggesting that both could be used to check c-kit mutation

20
Q

Which breeds get thyroid carcinomas?

A

Goldens, beagles, Huskies are over represented

21
Q

What is true about OSA in small breed dogs?

A

Seen in humerus and femur
MST after amputation w/o chemo LONGER than in large breed dogs (257 days) no significant increase in MST with curative chemo (415 days)

22
Q

In dogs with OSA, what was associated with a better prognosis?

A

Dogs that got an infection at the sx site had a better prognosis

23
Q

What is B-ALP related to in OSA?

A

• B-ALP expression quantity is proportional with cell density (if increased may just indicate increased tumor burden)
○ No mets = Positive correlation btwn B-ALP and absolute primary tumor size
○ If mets = B-ALP increased and coincided with development of macroscopic mets
○ Not associated with tumorigentic or met phenotypes in OSA

24
Q

What is the prognosis of ulnar OSA?

A

Longer than other sites: 463 days

25
Q

On a cytology slide what can you do to confirm OSA?

A

Stain for ALP

26
Q

What was the rate of concurrent splenic and cardiac HSA?

A

• Concurrent Splenic and Cardiac HAS:
○ Splenic HAS: 8.7% had cardiac HAS too
○ Cardiac HAS: 29% had splenic HAS too
○ Rate of current = 8.7% (lower than previously reported)
○ If right atrial HAS, risk of mets to nonsplenic sites decrease with age

27
Q

When is abdominal wall TCC seen more commonly?

A

• Abdominal wall TCC seen more commonly in dogs that had undergone cystotomy
○ Carries a poor prognosis
○ Uroplakin II expresses in tumors

28
Q

What imaging techniques can be used to determine malignancy of mammary tumors?

A

• Elastography may help differentiate btw malignant and benign mammary neoplasia, based on deformity
○ Doppler may also help predict malignancy

29
Q

Based on Cochrane like review what has been concluded about mammary tumors?

A

• Based on Cochrane like review the literature: the claim that neutering reduces risk of mammary neoplasia and age at neutering has an effect” are weak claims and not sound basis for recommendations!!!!