Evolving Antibiotic Resistance 2.7

Question 1

What is osmotic lysis?

Answer 1

The antibiotics inhibit enzymes that are needed to make chemical bonds in the cell wall, this prevents the cell from growing properly and weakens the cell wall, water moves into the cell by osmosis. The weakened cell wall can’t withstand the increase in pressure and bursts.

Question 2

What are antibiotics?

Answer 2

Chemicals that either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria.

Question 3

What is vertical gene transmission?

Answer 3

Bacteria reproduce by binary fission, so each daughter cell is an exact copy of the parent cell.

Question 4

Outline horizontal reproduction in bacteria.

Answer 4

Two bacteria join together in a process called conjugation, where a copy of a plasmid is passed from one cell to the other through a pilus. Plasmids can be passed on to a member of a totally different species as well as the same.

Question 5

What is the process called by which bacterial populations evolve antibiotic resistance?

Answer 5

Natural selection

Question 6

Because of the evolvement of bacteria resistance how must TB be treated now?

Answer 6

A combination of different antibiotics for 6 months.