Occipito-Axial Joint

Question 1

What is the embryonic derivative of the apical ligament of the dents or the apicodental ligament?

Answer 1

the notochord

Question 2

What is the function of the alar ligament?

Answer 2

together they function to resist axial rotation

Question 3

What forms the cranial continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament?

Answer 3

the membrana tectoria or tectorial membrane

Question 4

List, in order, the ligaments in a midsagittal plane from the dura mater at the level of the medulla oblongata to the anterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint.

Answer 4

the membrana tectoria or tectorial membrane; the cruciate ligament; the capsular ligament of the posterior bursa of the median atlanto-axial joint; the apical ligament of the dens or the apicodental ligament

Question 5

For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of flexion-extension?

Answer 5

about 90 degrees or about 18 degrees per couple

Question 6

For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of one side lateral bending?

Answer 6

about 50 degrees or about 10 degrees per couple

Question 7

For the cervical spine below C2, what is the range of one side axial rotation?

Answer 7

about 33 degrees or about six degrees per couple