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design technology > ✅3.9 - Shaping > Flashcards

✅3.9 - Shaping Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 principles of shaping materials?

A

Wastage & Addition & Deforming & Reforming

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2
Q

What is the definition of addition?

A

The process of shaping materials by combining or joining them

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3
Q

What is the definition of deforming?

A

The process of subjecting a material to a stress that changes its shape

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4
Q

What is the definition of reforming?

A

The process of changing the shape of a material typically by melting and pouring or injecting the molten material into a mould

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5
Q

What is the definition of wastage?

A

The process of cutting away material to leave the desired shape

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6
Q

What tools and equipment do you need to perform addition?

A

Screws, nails, adhesives, bolts, rivets, 3d print

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7
Q

What tools and equipment do you need to perform deforming?

A

Laminating, vacuum forming, jigs and formers & being heated

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8
Q

What tools and equipment do you need to perform reforming?

A

Casting, injection moulding

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9
Q

What tools and equipment do you need to perform wastage?

A

Saws, files, glass paper

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10
Q

What HAND saw should you use if you want to cut WOOD in a STRAIGHT LINE?

A

Tenon saw

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11
Q

What HAND saw should you use if you want to cut WOOD in CURVED LINES?

A

Coping saw

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12
Q

What HAND TOOL should you use if you want to SHAPE THE EDGES of WOOD?

A

Planes, spokeshaves, rasps

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13
Q

What HAND TOOL should you use if you want to SMOOTH THE SURFACE of WOOD?

A

Sand paper

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14
Q

What HAND TOOL should you use if you want to HOLLOW WOOD?

A

Chisels, hand routers, gauges

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15
Q

What HAND TOOL should you use if you want to DRILL HOLES in WOOD?

A

Wheel brace and bit

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16
Q

What HAND saw should you use if you want to cut METALS in a STRAIGHT LINE?

A

Hacksaw or junior hack saw

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17
Q

What HAND saw should you use if you want to cut METALS in CURVED LINES?

A

Piercing saw

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18
Q

What HAND TOOL should you use if you want to SHAPE THE EDGES of METALS?

A

Files

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19
Q

What HAND TOOL should you use if you want to SMOOTH THE SURFACE of METALS?

A

Sand papers / cloths / polish

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20
Q

What HAND TOOL should you use if you want to HOLLOW METALS?

A

Cold chiesels

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21
Q

What HAND TOOL should you use if you want to DRILL HOLES in METALS?

A

Hand drill and twist bit

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22
Q

What HAND TOOL should you use if you want to cut PLASTICS in a STRAIGHT LINE?

A

Scoring tool / hacksaw

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23
Q

What HAND saw should you use if you want to cut PLASTICS in CURVED LINES?

A

Coping saw / piercing saw

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24
Q

What HAND TOOL should you use if you want to SHAPE THE EDGES of PLASTICS?

A

Files

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25
What HAND TOOL should you use if you want to SMOOTH THE SURFACE of PLASTICS?
Sand paper / cloths / polish
26
What HAND TOOL should you use if you want to HOLLOW PLASTICS?
N/A
27
What HAND TOOL should you use if you want to DRILL HOLES in PLASTICS?
Hand drill and twist bit
28
What MACHINE SAW should you use if you want to cut WOOD in STRAIGHT LINES?
Circular saw
29
What MACHINE SAW should you use if you want to cut WOOD in CURVED LINES?
Bandsaw
30
What MACHINE SAW should you use if you want to SHAPE THE EDGES of WOOD?
Router, disk/belt sander, lathe
31
What MACHINE TOOL should you use if you want to SMOOTH THE SURFACE of WOOD?
Planner thicknesser / belt sander
32
What MACHINE TOOL should you use if you want to HOLLOW WOOD?
Router
33
What MACHINE TOOL should you use if you want to DRILL HOLES in WOOD?
Pillar / bench drill
34
What MACHINE TOOL should you use if you want to cut METALS in STRAIGHT LINES?
Guillotine / metal cutting bandsaw
35
What MACHINE SAW should you use if you want to cut METALS in CURVED LINES?
Bandsaw
36
What MACHINE TOOL should you use if you want to SHAPE THE EDGES OF METALS?
Off-hand grinder / centre lathe
37
What MACHINE TOOL should you use if you want to SMOOTH THE SURFACES of METALS?
Polishing machines / Belt sander
38
What MACHINE TOOL should you use if you want to HOLLOW METALS?
Milling machine
39
What MACHINE TOOL should you use if you want to DRILL HOLES in METALS?
Pillar / bench drill
40
What MACHINE SAW should you use if you want to cut PLASTICS in STRAIGHT LINES?
Circular saw / bandsaw
41
What MACHINE SAW should you use if you want to cut PLASTICS in CURVED LINES?
Bandsaw
42
What MACHINE TOOL should you use if you want to SHAPE THE EDGES of PLASTICS?
Disk / belt sander
43
What MACHINE TOOL should you use if you want to SMOOTH THE SURFACES of PLASTICS?
Polishing machines
44
What MACHINE TOOL should you use if you want to HOLLOW PLASTICS?
Milling machining / router
45
What MACHINE TOOL should you use if you want to DRILL HOLES in PLASTICS?
Pillar / bench drill
46
Different types of drilling holes (5)
- Pilot - Clearance - Tapping - Countersunk - Counterbored
47
Description of pilot hole
The hole is smaller than the screw being used so that the thread cuts in and holds
48
Description of clearance hole
The hole is larger than the thread and the shank of a screw (top piece). The screw does not grip or 'bite' into the sides, allowing the two pieces to pull together
49
Description of tapping hole
Usually used with metals, this is where a screw-thread is added to the inside of a pilot hole, using a tool called a 'tap', so that it accepts a machine screw. A thread can be added to the outside of a rod using a tool called a die. uh i dont get it do u get it
50
Description of a countersunk hole
Conical shaped indentation at the top of a hole to accept a countersink headed screw, with the screw head being 'flush' (level) with the surface, usually with a 90 degree inclusive angle (trinity interpretation: it looks like a filter funnel)
51
Description of counterbored hole
A larger diameter recess at the top of a hole to accept a cheese or fillister-headed screw, with the screw head being recessed below the surface (trinity interpretation: looks like a T from the side)
52
Types of deforming processes (5)
- Steam bending - Lamination - Press forming - Vacuum forming - Blow moulding
53
Process of steam bending
Strips of hardwood are heated in a steam chamber until the wood is pliable enough to easily bend around a former to create a specific shape
54
Process of lamination
Thin sheets (veneers) of hardwoods are layered with strong adhesive and pressed in a former until the adhesive cures
55
Prcoess of press forming
Sheet materials are pressed between a male and female (?) former, until they cool, to take on a new shape. Some materials need to be heated to become malleable prior to forming, or in the case of metals they can be annealed
56
Process of vacuum forming
Plastic sheets are heated to their elastic state, then a former is pressed into the sheet and the air below is evacuated. The external pressure presses the plastic onto the former
57
Process of blow moulding
Tubes of plastic are heated and fed through a mould. The air is blown into the tube, forcing it to expand out and form against the mould.
58
Types of reforming processes (4)
- Injection moulding - Extrusion - Sand casting - Die casting
59
Process of injection moulding
Plastic beads are heated to their plastic state and injected into a mould to form complex shapes
60
Process of extrusion
The material is heated to its plastic state and pushed through a 'die' to create components or parts with a fixed cross-sectional profile
61
Process of sand casting
Non-ferrous metal is melted and poured into a mould made of a special sand
62
Process of die casting
The metal is melted and forced into a hardened tool steel mould (or die)

design technology (11 decks)

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