CV/ PV Emergencies Flashcards
1
Q
Abdominal aortic aneurysm- Sx
A
- Midabdominal pain radiating to back
- Hypotension
- Palpable abd mass
2
Q
Abdominal aortic aneurysm- Tx
A
- Emergency surgical repair
3
Q
Thoracic aortic aneurysm- Sx
A
- Substernal back or neck pain
- Dyspnea, dysphagia
- Neck and arm edema
- JVD
- Hoarseness
4
Q
Thoracic aortic aneurysm- Tx
A
Surgical repair
5
Q
Hypertensive crisis- Sx
A
- Elevated BP responsible for:
- Mental status changes
- Intracranial hemorrhage
- Retinopathy
- Aortic dissection
6
Q
Hypertensive crisis-Tx
A
- Reduce BP by 25% within 1 hr
- Labetalol
- Nitroprusside
7
Q
Deep vein thrombosis- Sx
A
- Unilateral pain, warmth and swelling of affected limb
- Worse with standing/ walking
- Non-pitting edema
8
Q
Deep vein thrombosis- Tx
A
- Anticoagulation- Heparin or LMWH
- Elevation of limb
9
Q
Pulmonary embolism- Sx
A
- Acute onset of dyspnea, pleuretic chest pain
- Tachypnea, tachycardia
- Hypoxemia
10
Q
Pulmonary embolism- Tx
A
- Heparin
- O2
11
Q
Cardiac tamponade- Sx
A
- Blood in pericardium
- Tachycardia with narrow pulse pressure
- Hypotension
- Muffled heart tones
- Distended neck veins
12
Q
Cardiac tamponade- Tx
A
Pericardiocentesis
13
Q
Pericarditis- Sx
A
- Friction rub
- Anterior chest pain, worse when laying down
- Better with sitting, leaning forward
14
Q
Pericarditis- Tx
A
- NSAIDs
15
Q
Endocarditis- Sx
A
- Fever, chills, wt loss
- Osler nodes, Janeway lesions, Roth spots, splinter hemorrhages
- New, changing murmur
