Definitions

Question 1

Mortality

Answer 1

Refers to death, often at a population level

Question 2

Under 5 mortality rate

Answer 2

The number of deaths of children under five years of age per 1000 live births

Question 3

Burden of disease (BOD)

Answer 3

A measure of the impact of disease and injury. Specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in a unit called disability adjusted life year (DALY)

Question 4

YLD’s

Answer 4

YEARS LOST DUE TO DISABILITY.

One YLD is equal to one ‘healthy’ year of life lost

Question 5

YLL’s

Answer 5

YEARS OF LIFE LOST

Due to premature death

Question 6

DALY’s

Answer 6

A measure of burden of disease, one DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness or disease or injury

Question 7

Health adjusted life expectancy

Answer 7

A measure of BOD based on life expectancy at birth, but including an adjustment for time spent in poor health. It is the number of years in full health that a person can expect to live, based on current rate of ill health and mortality

Question 8

Life expectancy

Answer 8

An indication of how long a person can expect to live, it is a number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age of death rates do not change

Question 9

Incidence

Answer 9

The number of new cases of a condition during a given period of time

Question 10

Prevalence

Answer 10

The number on proportion of cases of a particular disease or condition present in a population at a given time for

Question 11

Trends

Answer 11

Changes in patterns of changes that occur overtime

Question 12

Individual human development

Answer 12

Creating an environment in which people can develop to their full potential and lead productive, creative lives in accord with their needs and interests. It is about expanding people’s choices and enhancing capabilities, having decent standard of living, and participating in the life of their community and decisions effecting their lives

Question 13

Health status

Answer 13

An individual’s or a populations overall health, taking into account various aspects such as life expectancy, amount of disability and levels of disease risk factors

Question 14

Physical development

Answer 14

Changes to the functioning of the structures and system of the body. Also involves changes in physical abilities categorised as motor development

Question 15

Social development

Answer 15

The increasing complexity of behavioural patterns used in relationships with others

Question 16

Intellectual development

Answer 16

The process by which a persons ability to perceive, think and reason increase in complexity

Question 17

Emotional development

Answer 17

Changes in the way we understand, express and control our moods and feelings that is appropriate for age and setting

Question 18

Physical health

Answer 18

Relates to the efficient functioning of the body and its system, and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness

Question 19

Social health

Answer 19

Being able to interact with others and participate in the community, in both an independent and cooperative way

Question 20

Mental health

Answer 20

State of wellbeing in which the individual realises his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productivity and fruitfully, and is and to make a contribution to his or her community