The Head

Question 1

What were the five types of suture based on Latin groupings?

Answer 1

serrate, denticulate, limbous, squamous and harmonia

Question 2

What are the characteristics of sutura vera (true sutures)?

Answer 2

sutures demonstrating interlocking of the adjacent bone surfaces; typically formed by intramembranous ossification

Question 3

What are the characteristics of sutura notha (false sutures)?

Answer 3

sutures lacking interlocking of adjacent bone surfaces; typically formed by endochondral ossification

Question 4

Which sutures demonstrate non-interlock, but will overlap at their edges?

Answer 4

squamous sutures

Question 5

What were the classifications of sutura notha (false sutures) based on Latin groupings?

Answer 5

squamous and harmonia

Question 6

What are the typical examples of the plane suture or harmonia suture?

Answer 6

cruciate suture made up of the intermaxillary, interpalatine and palato-maxillary sutures

Question 7

What are the examples of the schindylesis type of suture?

Answer 7

sphenoid - ethmoid - vomer articulation, the palatine - maxilla - vomer articulation

Question 8

What are the examples of the gomphosis joint?

Answer 8

maxilla - root of tooth; mandible - root of the tooth

Question 9

What are five views of the skull called?

Answer 9

norma verticalis, norma frontalis, norma occipitalis, norma lateralis, norma basalis

Question 10

What is the diamond shaped remnant of developing membrane bone at the intersection of the frontal bone with both parietal bones?

Answer 10

the anterior fontanelle

Question 11

What is the diamond shaped remnant of developing membrane bone at the intersection of the occipital bone with both parietal bones?

Answer 11

the posterior fontanelle

Question 12

What is the glabella?

Answer 12

the elevation of bone over the frontal sinus between the orbits

Question 13

What is the name given to the outline of the nasal cavity at the front of the skull?

Answer 13

piriform aperture

Question 14

What is the name given to the alveolar jugum of the canine tooth in the maxilla?

Answer 14

canine eminence

Question 15

What forms a bullet-like chin?

Answer 15

a large mental protuberance

Question 16

What forms an indented chin?

Answer 16

well developed bilateral mental tubercles and a slight mental protuberance

Question 17

What bones form the pterion?

Answer 17

parietal, temporal, sphenoid and frontal bones

Question 18

What points on the skull are used to measure the skull size?

Answer 18

the nasion, vertex, inion and gnathion

Question 19

What points on the skull are used to measure cranial vault capacity?

Answer 19

the nasion, vertex and inion

Question 20

The olfactory nerve exits the cranial vault via what opening?

Answer 20

cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

Question 21

What are the contents of the optic canal?

Answer 21

the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery

Question 22

What are the contents of the superior orbital fissure?

Answer 22

the ophthalmic veins, the oculomotor nerve, the trochlear nerve, the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve, and the abducent nerve

Question 23

What are the contents of the foramen rotundum?

Answer 23

the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve Vb)

Question 24

What are the contents of the foramen ovale?

Answer 24

the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (Vc) and the lesser petrosal branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 25

What contents of the foramen spinosum?

Answer 25

the nervus spinosum from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve and the middle meningeal artery

Question 26

What are the contents of the internal acoustic meatus?

Answer 26

cranial nerves VII (facial nerve) and VIII (vestibulocochlear/auditory nerve), the nervus intermedius/nerve of Wrisberg/sensory root of VII and the motor root of VII, the vestibular and cochlear roots of VIII and the internal auditory/internal labyrinthine artery and vein

Question 27

What are the contents of the jugular foramen?

Answer 27

the jugular bulb, the inferior petrosal sinus, the tympanic body/tympanic glomus or jugular body/jugular glomus, cranial nerves IX (glossopharyngeal), X (vagus) and XI (spinal accessory)

Question 28

What can the five layers of the scalp spell?

Answer 28

Skin, Connective tissue, Aponeurosis, Loose connective tissue, Periosteum (SCALP)

Question 29

What are the principal sources of blood to the scalp?

Answer 29

internal carotid and external carotid artery branches

Question 30

Which division of the trigeminal nerve receive sensory information from the scalp?

Answer 30

all 3 divisions: ophthalmic nerve, maxillary nerve & mandibular nerve

Question 31

Which ventral rami branches supply the scalp?

Answer 31

greater auricular and lesser occipital nerves

Question 32

Which dorsal ramus nerve branch (name and cord level of origin) supplies the scalp?

Answer 32

greater occipital nerve - C2, C3 communicating ramus

Question 33

What are the four subclassifications of synarthrosis joints based on Latin groupings?

Answer 33

suture, gomphosis, schindylesis and syndesmosis

Question 34

What forms the roof of the posterior cranial fossa?

Answer 34

the tentorium cerebelli

Question 35

What part of the cerebellum occupies the posterior cranial fossa?

Answer 35

none; the tentorium cerebelli separates the cerebrum into a space above the posterior cranial fossa

Question 36

What part of the central nerve system occupies the posterior cranial fossa?

Answer 36

the cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata