Prec/vaccines

Question 1

Tetanus

Answer 1

If client has at least 3 doses of Td, admin tetanus toxoid booster. If less than 3 doses, admin both Td and tetanus immune globulin (TIG). SnS- Lockjaw, opisthotonus, muscle rigidity, cramps, muscle spasms.

Question 2

Droplet

Answer 2

Diseases- streptococcal pharyngitis (group A), pneumonia, Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae type B, mumps, rubella, pertussis, viral influenza. PPE- surgical mask, private room, as needed- nitrile gloves, disposable gown, goggles. Door can be open.

Question 3

Polycythemia Vera

Answer 3

Bone marrow produces an excess amount of RBCs. Risk for blood clots. Occasional phlebotomy to remove 300-500ml of blood and achieve hematocrit of less than 45%

Question 4

Airborne precautions

Answer 4

Tuberculosis. Particulate respirator

Question 5

Contact precautions

Answer 5

Draining abscess dressing change

Question 6

DTaP

Answer 6

Diphtheria, tetanus toxoid, acellular pertussis. Given at 2,4,6,15-18 mo and 4 and 6 yrs. 11-12 yrs and every 10 yrs. CI to known gelatin allergy

Question 7

Haemophilus influenzae type B

Answer 7

2,4, 6, 12-15 mo.

Question 8

Hep A

Answer 8

12-23 mo with two doses given at 6-18 mo apart.

Question 9

Hep B

Answer 9

Given at birth, 1-4 mo, and 6-18 mo. 3 doses with second dose 1-2 mo after the first dose and third dose 4-6 months after the first dose

Question 10

HPV

Answer 10

3 dose series starting at age 11-12.

Question 11

MMR

Answer 11

Given at 12-15 mo and 4-6 yrs. CI if known hypersensitivity to neomycin or gelatin

Question 12

Meningococcal conjugated vaccine

Answer 12

Given at age 11-12 and age 16

Question 13

Pneumococcal conjugate

Answer 13

Given at 2,4, 6 and 12-15 mo plus booster at 5 yrs.

Question 14

Polio vaccine, inactivated (IPV, poliovax)

Answer 14

Given at 2,4 and 6-18 mo and 4-6 yrs

Question 15

Rotavirus

Answer 15

Given at 2,4,6 mo.

Question 16

Varicella

Answer 16

Given at 12-15 mo and 4-6 yrs. CI if known hypersensitivity to neomycin or gelatin

Question 17

Influenza

Answer 17

6 mo and yearly. CI if known allergy to egg or chicken protein

Question 18

Needle size

Answer 18

SQ injection use a 23-25 gauge needle, 5/8” length in infants. For IM injection use 22-25 gauge needle; length 5/8” first 28 days; 1” for anterior thigh (2-12 mo); toddlers and children use a 1-1 1/4” anterolateral thigh and a 5/8” for deltoid

Question 19

HIV safe vaccines

Answer 19

Tetanus is inactivated and can be administered safely. MMR, varicella are live but low complication risk. CI- tb, oral typhoid, yellow fever, polio