Rise to Power: long term context answers

Question 1

When was the ToV signed?

Answer 1

28th June 1919

Question 2

Who was the ToV signed by?

Answer 2

The Weimar Republic

Question 3

What was the impact of the ToV on Germany?

Answer 3

Physically: took land away from Germany and effectively split Germany in 2
Politically: Stab in the back theory weakened the Weimar Govt. Reparations, war guilt clause, reduce army etc

Question 4

Why did the Weimar Republic lack legitimacy?

Answer 4

Stab in the back theory, seen to be working for the west due to democracy, reparations were killing the German economy they didn’t do anything

Question 5

Who was the Weimar Republic threatened by?

Answer 5

Communism, NSDAP,

Question 6

What were the “problems” with the German Constitution?

Answer 6

Tried to follow a Western model - incorporating democracy, free speech etc when the public was used to a dictatorship and weren’t particularly fond of the West

Question 7

What was the Stresemann recovery?

Answer 7

1923 the Weimar Republic was on the verge of collapse: he organised the Great Coalition of moderate, pro-democracy parties in the Reichstag enabling las to be passed. He called off the strike in the Ruhr and persuaded the world to let Germany join the League of Nations in 1926, also introduced job centres, unemployment pay and better housing

Question 8

What were the political effects of the GD?

Answer 8

They cut wages, decreased spending and increased taxes had to use emergency decrees mid 1930s to get these through but he worsened the situation. Membership of NSDAP rose dramatically as all victims of the GD turned to Nazis for a. someone to blame and b. something to believe in

Question 9

What were the social impacts of the GD?

Answer 9

Thousands of children died from starvation not because there was a lack of food in circulation but because they had no means with with to obtain the food. Unemployment rose significantly

Question 10

How did the NSDAP rise to power?

Answer 10

Gained power 30th January 1933, due to the adverse impact of the ToV the weakness of the Weimar Republic and the strength of Hitler

Question 11

What is the NSDAP?

Answer 11

The National Socialist German Workers’ Party AKA the Nazi Party

Question 12

How was propaganda used in Nazi Germany?

Answer 12

Ministry of Public Enlightenment and Propaganda - Joseph Goebbels • Controlled everything published music, books, films, education material, press etc

Question 13

What was the Munich Putsch?

Answer 13

A failed coup to take over Munich lead by Adolf Hitler : 1923 November • Hitler was arrested

Question 14

How was the Munich Putsch used to Hitler’s advantage?

Answer 14

Hitler used his trial as a forum to garner more support • used his time in prison to write Mein Kampf

Question 15

Why did the Qing dynasty fall in 1911?

Answer 15

The dynasty had lost the respect of other nations - opium wars, lost land Hong Kong Korea Taiwan etc • Unfair trade demands placed on them
• Failed to modernise

Question 16

Who was Yuan Shikai?

Answer 16

First president of the Republic of China 1912 - 1916

Question 17

Why was there a Warlord Era?

Answer 17

Weakness in the Qing dynasty • Yuan Shikai’s power depended on military might, his death then created a power vacuum

Question 18

What happened during the warlord era?

Answer 18

Conscription, enticement to join private armies which battled each other for land and people.

Question 19

What was the May the 4th movement?

Answer 19

1919: Initiated by university students angry at the treatment of China at Western hands after WWI. Led to the rise of the CCP

Question 20

How did the CCP start?

Answer 20

Party was formed in 1920, inspired by the Russian Bolshevik revolution and the May the 4th Movement

Question 21

What were the ideologies of the CCP?

Answer 21

early on advocated for orthodox Marxist-Leninist later started believing in Maoism after failed uprisings

Question 22

What was Yanan?

Answer 22

Yanan is a small town and was the town chosen for the new base for the CCP after the Long March

Question 23

What was the Long March?

Answer 23

October 1934 - October 1935, long trek covering approx 4 000 miles •CCP started the retreat, 85 00 set off 8 000 remained by the end thanks to starvation etc The long march marked Mao’s emergence as the one true leader of the CCP

Question 24

What was Jiangxi soviet?

Answer 24

later known as the Chinese Soviet Republic - a self governing region under the CCP control in 1930s.