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Semester 1 Exams > Equine Studies > Flashcards

Equine Studies Flashcards

1
Q

What is a colt?

A

A male horse under 4 years who hasn’t been gelded

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2
Q

What is a filly?

A

A female horse under 4 years

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3
Q

What is a mare?

A

A female hors effort years or over

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4
Q

What is a gelding?

A

A male horse who has been gelded

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5
Q

What is a rig?

A

A male horse who hasn’t been gelded properly

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6
Q

How many inches in a hand?

A

Four inches

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7
Q

What height is:

A pony
A Galloway
A hack

A

A pony is 14 hands and under
A Galloway is 14 hands and not exceeding 15 hands
A hack is over 15 hands

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8
Q

What is a bay?

A

A brown horse with black points around its legs, muzzle etc. Black mane and tail

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9
Q

Describe a brown horse

A

A brown horse is brown all over with lighter hair around the flank, girth, groove and muzzle

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10
Q

Describe a black horse

A

Black should have no other colour though their coat except for white markings

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11
Q

Describe a chestnut/sorrel horse?

A

Light coloured brown horse. Can vary from very pale copper to a very dark liver chestnut

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12
Q

Describe a grey horse

A

Born dark or sometimes different colours

Greys get lighter as they get older and dapple then may go flea bitten

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13
Q

Describe a pinto

A

All variations of colour are possible with a white base

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14
Q

Describe a roan

A

White hair spread through another colour

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15
Q

Describe a palamino

A

Golden with a cream mane

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16
Q

Describe a taffy

A

Dark with a white mane

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17
Q

Describe a buckskin

A

Golden with dark points on legs, muzzle etc.

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18
Q

What colour has a dorsal strip?

A

A dun

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19
Q

Name some natural markings

A

Leg markings
Face markings
Eye colour

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20
Q

What is a hair whorl?

A

Changes in the hair growth

Swirl in the coat

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21
Q

What is a prophets thumb

A

Indentation in the horses neck however it can be on other parts of the body

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22
Q

What are some acquired markings?

A

Brands
Microchipping
Tattoo
Scars

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23
Q

One breed and their origin and use

A

Clydesdale
Scotland
Farming

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24
Q

Five reasons why it’s important to know points of the horse

A 
Vet
Identification
Work place
Chiro 
Telling someone to go get the horse
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25
Q

What is crib biting

A

When they chew wood

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26
Q

What is wind sucking

A

When the horse bites something and then sucks im air

27
Q

What is box walking

A

When the horse walks around the stall

28
Q

What is weaving

A

When a horse moves from side to side in a stall

29
Q

What is pushing and barging

A

When the horse pushes forwards

30
Q

What is rearing

A

Standing up on its hind legs

31
Q

What is striking

A

Striking its front legs out

32
Q

Give three general safety rules when handling a horse

A

Never tease the horse
The safety of humans comes first
Never kneel or sit on the ground
War a helmet while handling a horse

33
Q

How would you change the way you handle a young or green horse

A

Firm
More alert
Make everything clear
Don’t do anything too quickly

34
Q

How would you change the way you handle a horse in different weather

A

Be alert/cautious
Be prepared
Could get spooky
May be slippery

35
Q

Name a few restraints

A 
Halter and lead 
Twitch
Muzzle 
Hobbles
Anti rearing bit
36
Q

Things to remember when approaching a horse

A

Approach the horse from the near side
Be consistent
Walk calmly and quietly

37
Q

Why do we groom

A 
To check for injuries
Clean and remove dirt
Make horse look nice
Massage
Bond
38
Q

What is a comb used for

A

Mane and tail

Pulling the mane

39
Q

What are sponges used for

A

To wash the horse
Around their face
After the ride
To wash their bum

40
Q

What is hoof oil used for

A

During the summer
Stop hooves from cracking
Helps rebel water in winter

41
Q

What is a dandy brush/hard brush used for

A

Bring the dirt to the surface

Swish and flick motion

42
Q

What is a body brush used for (soft brush)

A

Give them a glossy coat

Use it after the curry comb

43
Q

What is a towel/cloth used for

A

Drying them
Around then muzzle
After everything so you have a nice shine

44
Q

What are curry combs used for

A

Circular motions

Clean the other brushes

45
Q

What is a sweat scraper used for

A

After you’ve washed your horse

46
Q

What is a hoof pick used for

A

Used to clean out their hooves

47
Q

Steps of using the brushes

A

Curry comb
Dandy brush
Body brush
Towel

48
Q

Different types of rugs and their uses

A 
Cotton-hot weather 
Synthetic-warmer, waterproof
Wool- stable and travelling 
Canvas-water rug, heavy, strong 
Polar fleece-light weight and warm
49
Q

When getting a rug off you do:

A

Surcingles
Neck
Chest
Legs

50
Q

When putting a rug on you

A

Leg straps
Chest
Neck
Surcingles

51
Q

Two good paddock fencing

A

Diamond mesh

Wooden fencing

52
Q

Five types of weeds

A 
Dandelion 
Fox glove
Flat weed
Nightshade 
Oak tree
53
Q

Three types of stable bedding and why they’re good and when they’re used

A

Straw- absorbent and light used for injuries or competitions
Wood shavings absorbent and not dusty used for long term stables
Sand-absorbent and easy to clean used for general stabling or competitions

54
Q

Three types of stable tools and their uses

A

Broom-sweeping
Stable fork-picking up poo
Shovel-grab a lot of bedding

55
Q

Normal range for body temperature

A

37-38

56
Q

Normal range for heart rate

A

30-40bpm

57
Q

Normal range for respiration

A

8-20 breathes per minute

58
Q

Normal hydration status

A

Pinch skin on neck and should go down by the count of two

59
Q

Mucous membrane status

A

Should be pink

Look at gums and it should be a shade paler than humans

60
Q

Capillary refill time

A

Press gums with fingertip and release

Should return by the count of two

61
Q

Gut sounds

A

Should always be audible

62
Q

What is the daily horse assessment

A 
Check- horse
Ensure-safe
Keep-health record
Have-good routine
Know-your horses vital signs
Constantly-evaluate horses appetite, coat, condition etc
63
Q

Signs of I’ll health:

A

Respiration, pulse and temp out of normal range
Abnormal mucous membrane colour
Slow cap refill time

64
Q

What is a stallion?

A

A male horse who hasn’t been gelded

Semester 1 Exams (4 decks)

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