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BacT RUSVM Summer 15 > Salmonella > Flashcards

Salmonella Flashcards

1
Q

What subspecies of Salmonella are of Veterinary importance?

A

Subspecies enterica

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2
Q

What are the host specific virulence species for salmonella?

A

(typhoid) serotypes

Eg. S. typhi; S. Gallinarum

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3
Q

What are the host adapted/restricted serotypes for salmonella?

A

S. Dublin- bovine

S. typhimurium var. Copenhagen: pigeon

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4
Q

What are the non host specific serotypes for salmonella?

A

Most serotypes

Typhimurium, enteridits, virchow, agona, paratyphi B

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5
Q

How is Salmonella in the environment?

A

Quite resistant- esp when protected by organic material (shit) and in dust or feed.

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6
Q

Which serotypes are zoonotic in regards to salmonella?

A

Non host specific, some host adapted/restriced

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7
Q

Where are you going to find salmonella? extracellular/ intracellular?

A

Facultative intracellular

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8
Q

what are the main serotypes of salmonella in bovine?

A

S. typhimurium and dublin

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9
Q

what are the symptoms of Salmonella typhimurium?

A

***Diarrhea (illeum + large intestine)
General symptoms
abortion
Udder (tissue localization).

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10
Q

Salmonella dublin, Calfs symptoms?

A 
(diarrhea)
general symptoms
Tissue localization 
-lung
-liver
-spleen
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11
Q

Salmonella dublin, Adult cattle symptoms

A

Diarrhea
Organ dependent symptoms
-abortion
-subclinical mastitis (persisting intracellular)

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12
Q

Salmonella Dx Bovine?

A 
Live animals
Fecal material
Milk-mastitis
Respiratory: BAL
Arthritis: puncture
Abortion: fetus, placenta, vagina

Dead animals

  • ileum
  • different organs
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13
Q

Tx of Salmonella in bovine?

A

Isolation
Fluids
Antimicrobials
NSAIDs

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14
Q

Host specific serotype of salmonella and pigs?

A

S. Choleraesuis: typhoid

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15
Q

Non host specific Salmonella in pigs symptoms?

A

Clinical symptoms in animals >50kg, most freq subclinical
Diarrhea
Slow spread
Hyperacute form (>70-80kg)- ACUTE MORTALITY
Acute form freq + cyanosis
Chronic form: Non specific, lesser growth

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16
Q

What are the zoonotic species of salmonella?

A

S. Typhimurium

S. Derby

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17
Q

Dx of salmonella and pigs?

A

Culture
Elisa (Antigen)
Elisa (antibodies) difficult to interpret
-used sometime in control programs

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18
Q

Tx of salmonella in pigs?

A

nothing cool
antimicrobials
general support (nsaids)

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19
Q

Prevention of Salmonella in pigs?

A

All in all out system
clean + disinfect
Organic acids- drinking water and feed
Feed composition

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20
Q

Salmonella in horses species and pathogenesis?

A

Salmonella Abortus-equi

-pathogenesis depends on uptake

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21
Q

Dx of salmonella in horses

A

bactiology tests

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22
Q

Tx of Salmonella in horses?

A

Antimicrobials

Elimination from repro organs is difficult due to bacteria being intracellular

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23
Q

What is the incubation period of mastitis in horses considered?

A

Short- hours to 6 days

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24
Q

Mild Symptoms of salmonella in horses?

A

General - fever anorexia depression
Slight diarrhea
Dx difficult (isolation from feces difficult)
Self-limiting

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25
Q

Acute symptoms of salmonella in horses?

A 
Fever, anorexia, mild colic,
24h: Diarrhea
Severe symptoms + cyanosis
Shock possible
Laminitis
Slow recovery and relapse possible
Can evolve to Chronic
-dec weight
-Intermittent diarrhea + anorexia + fever
26
Q

Hyperacute salmonella in horses?

A 
Foal
Sever general symptoms
Eventually diarrhea
Endotoxic shock 24-72h--> Death
Tissue localization
-foal
-depends on organ effected
-Freq arthritis
27
Q

Dx of Salmonella in horses?

A

Neutropenia

Culture

28
Q

Tx of salmonella in horses?

A

Fluids IV
NSAIDS
Antimicrobials
Tx carriers as well!

29
Q

prevention of Salmonella in horses?

A

Hygiene

30
Q

Salmonella in dogs and cats is usually non host specific T/F?

A

True

31
Q

Symptoms of salmonella in dogs and cats?

A

Enteritis and septicemia

32
Q

What percent of dogs and cats are carriers for Salmonella?

A

D 0-36%

C 0-20%

33
Q

What is the origin of salmonella infection in dogs and cats?

A

Feed

34
Q

Dx of Salmonella in Dogs and Cats?

A

Culture
Elisa
PCR

35
Q

Tx of Salmonella in dogs and Cats?

A

Fluids

Antibiotics- exception: contraindicated in animals with a good general condition= creation of carriers

36
Q

Salmonella Paratyphus?

A

Pigeon salmonella

37
Q

Species of salmonella in pigeons?

A 
S. Typhimurium var. Copenhagen
specific clonal lineage
Not zoonotic
Carriers are the cause of spread
Systemic disease + diarrhea
38
Q

when does acute paratyphus occur?

A

Mainly during breeding season

39
Q

Chronic paratyphus is associated with?

A

One wing hanging down (tissue localization)

Intermittent excretion

40
Q

Flock symptoms of paratyphus?

A 
Anorexia
Weight
Diarrhea
Limping
Unable to fly
Breeding difficulties
Apathic
PU/PD
Mortality
41
Q

Dx of Paratyphus?

A

Culture

Rapid slide agglutination for antibodies

42
Q

Tx of paratyphus?

A

Antimicrobials
Immune therapy: inactivated vaccine
-not to prevent infection; rather to reduce severity of dz
Hygiene

43
Q

Salmonella in psittaciformes?

A

Very rare

44
Q

Salmonella in passeriformes?

A

S. Typhimurium (other clone than columbiformes)

  • birdhouses
  • -stress
  • -overcrowding
    • cold + humid
    • inappropriate feed
45
Q

Symptoms of salmonella in passeriformes?

A

apathic
Dec feed and water intake
Chronic
Diarrhea

46
Q

Salmonella in poultry: Typhoid or paratyphoid like?

A

S. pullorum

S. gallinarum

47
Q

Non- Typhoid salmonella in poultry?

A 
S. enteridits
other:
-typhimurium
-virchow
-paratyphi B
-Infatis
-agona
-NEWPORT-US-***
48
Q

S. pullorum/gallinarum are antigenically the same? T/F

A

True

also similar to S. enteriditis (vaccination for SE will give false positives in serology)

49
Q

how is S. pullorum/ gallinarum differentiated?

A

PCR
REPORTABLE DZ
Official elimination programs (now rare Dz in Europe and North America)

50
Q

Salmonella in turkeys?

A

S. enterica ssp arizonae

51
Q

S. pullorum is going to affect who at what age?

A

Pullorum Dz

Chicken, Turkey, Pheasent

52
Q

S. pullorum in Adults?

A

oophoritis w/ deformed yellow-greenish follicles

53
Q

Typhoid salmonella in poultry Dx and Tx?

A

Culture
Serology: Slide agglutination
-cross reactivity w/ SE vaccination
False positives due to Strep Lancefield D

Tx
only for hobby poultry: antibiotics but no elimination (intracellular)
REPORTABLE!

54
Q

S. Gallinarum: fowl typhoid information?

A

Chickens, Ducks, pheasant, quail, partridges, turkeys

Serological Cross rxn w/ S. pullorum

  • *Older animals
  • **REPORTABLE*
55
Q

symptoms of S. Gallinarum?

A

Hyper acute mortality + hemolytic anemia (endotoxins)

Acute and subacute; increasing mortality up to 30%- general symptoms

56
Q

Turkey salmonella?

A

S. enterica ssp arizonae

57
Q

Turkey salmonella age and geographical location?

A

Only younger animals

United States

58
Q

Dx & Tx of Turkey salmonella S. enterica ssp arizonae?

A

Culture
Tx- eradication

Control by serology (slide agglutination): difficult
different serotypes
false negatives

59
Q

S. enteriditis important information?

A

ZOONOTIC (egg contamination) raw undercooked eggs- COOKIE DOUGH!
Dz Decreased greatly due to vaccine
Eggs from positive flocks must be heated.

60
Q

Breeding animals in the EU must be free from what species of salmonella?

A 
Enteriditis
Typhimurium
virchow
hadar
infantis
paratyphi B var. Java
61
Q

Salmonella in broiler chicken percentage?

A

30% positive

62
Q

Slaughter salmonella percentage?

A

up to 80% - US decontamination of carcasses w/ bleach (not allowed in EU)

BacT RUSVM Summer 15 (20 decks)

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