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Microbiology II > Gram Negative Rods > Flashcards

Gram Negative Rods Flashcards

1
Q

Bordet-Gengou agar, whooping cough

A

Bordetella pertussis

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2
Q

Poorly gram staining, silver stain, charcoal yeast agar, airconditioning

A

Legionella pneumophilia

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3
Q

Satellite phenomenon around S. Aureus

A

H. Influenzae

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4
Q
  1. Most common cause of acute epiglottitis

2. Treatment for epiglottitis

A
  1. H. Influenzae

2. Ceftriaxone

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5
Q

Damages ciliated cells; causes whooping

A

Tracheal cytotoxin (bordetella pertussis)

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6
Q

Stage of pertussis where bacterial load is highest

A

Catarrhal stage

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7
Q

Stage of pertussis where whooping is observed

A

Paroxysmal stage

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8
Q

Stage of pertussis where complications develop (pneumonia, seizures, encephalopathy)

A

Convalescent stage

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9
Q

Enriched chocolate agar, polyribitol phosphate capsule

A

Hemophilus influenza type B

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10
Q

Transmission via environmental water source; person to person transmission does not occur

A

Legionella pneumophila

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11
Q

Endotoxin is the sole virulence factor; cell replicates intracellularly

A

Legionella

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12
Q

Pontiac fever

A

Legionella

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13
Q

Atypical pneumonia with electrolyte imbalance (diarrhea, hyponatremia, proteinuria, confusion)

A

Legionella

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14
Q

Lactose fermenter, urease positive, produces a green/metallic sheen on EMB

A

E. Coli

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15
Q

Lactose fermenter, urease positive, ESBL

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

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16
Q

Comma shaped, microaerophilic, skirrow’s agar

A

Campylobacter jejuni

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17
Q

Comma shaped, urease positive, skirrow’s agar

A

Helicobacter pylori

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18
Q

Motile, oxidase negative, H2S producer, nonlactose fermenting

A

Salmonella

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19
Q

Nonmotile, oxidase negative, H2S nonproducer, nonlactose fermenter

A

Shigella

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20
Q

Swarming, oxidase negative, H2S producer, urease positive

A

Proteus mirabilis

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21
Q
  1. Causative organism of Struvite stones

2. Composition of struvite

A
  1. Proteus mirabilis

2. Magnesium, ammonium, phosphate

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22
Q

Oxidase positive, H2S nonproducer, obligate aerobe

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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23
Q

Causes watery diarrhea in E. Coli infection

A

HST and HLT toxins

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24
Q

Causes bloody diarrhea in E. Coli infection

A

Shiga-like verotoxin

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25
Q

Virulence factors: H antigen (flagellum), K antigen (capsule), O/somatic antigen (endotoxin), enterotoxins

A

E. Coli

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26
Q

Traveler’s diarrhea

A

ETEC

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27
Q

Watery diarrhea in children and developing countries

A

EPEC

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28
Q

Bloody diarrhea; can cause HUS

A

EHEC/STEC

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29
Q

Typing of EHEC

A

O157:H7

30
Q

Bloody diarrhea without HUS

A

EIEC

31
Q

Persistent watery diarrhea in the young and immunocompromised (HIV/AIDS)

A

EAEC

32
Q

Salmonella that lives in human colon only

A

Salmonella typhi

33
Q

Salmonella that lives in both humans and animals (poultry, eggs)

A

Salmonella enteritidis

34
Q

Salmonella enterocolitis

A

S. Enteritidis, s. Typhimurium

35
Q

Typhoid fever

A

S. Typhi

36
Q

Chronic carrier state of S. Typhi

A

Gallbladder

37
Q

Antigen in typhoid fever that allows for invasion in peyer’s patches

A

Vi capsular antigen

38
Q

Salmonella choleraesuis septicemia:

  1. Common sites of seeding (3)
  2. Common patient populations
A
  1. Bone (osteomyelitis), lung (pneumonia), brain (meningitis)
  2. Px with sickle cell anemia, cancer
39
Q

Ideal samples for typhoid fever during:
Week 1
Week 2
Week 3

Sample can be taken from __________ at any point during the illness

A
  1. Blood
  2. Urine
  3. Stool

Bone marrow

40
Q

Pulse-fever disproportion, rose spots

A

Typhoid fever (S. Typhi)

41
Q

Transmission of shigella (4 Fs)

A

Food, fingers, feces, flies

42
Q

Most common cause of bacillary dysentery

A

Shigella sonnei (Duval’s bacillus)

43
Q

Most severe type of dysentery; most common cause of epidemic dysentery

A

Shigella dysenteriae type 1

44
Q

Group A: shigella dysenteriae

A

Type 1: shiga bacillus

Type 2: Schmitz bacillus

45
Q

Group B: shigella flexneri

A

Flexner’s bacillus, Hiss and Russell’s bacillus

46
Q

Group C: shigella boydii

A

Newcastle Manchester bacillus

47
Q

Group D: shigella sonnei

A

Duval’s bacillus

48
Q

Vibrio spp that lives in human colon only

A

Vibrio cholerae

49
Q

Vibrio spp that lives in saltwater

A

V. Parahemolyticus, V. Vulnificus

50
Q

Vibrio spp that causes cholera pandemics

A

Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor (cholera El Tor)

51
Q

Cholera enterotoxin that acts via ADP ribosylation

A

Choleragen

52
Q

Cholera virulence factor that causes attachment to the intestinal mucosa

A

Mucinase

53
Q

Grows well in hot temperatures (42 C)

A

Campylobacter jejuni

54
Q

Most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis

A

Campylobacter jejuni

55
Q

Associated diseases of campylobacter jejuni

A

Guillain barre syndrome

Reiter’s syndrome

56
Q

Damages gastric goblet cells; produces ammonia from urea that neutralizes gastric acid

A

H. Pylori

57
Q

Associated diseases of H. Pylori

A

Gastric CA, MALT lymphoma

58
Q

4 antibiotics used in the tx of H. Pylori

A

Tetracycline, metronidazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin

59
Q

Necrotizing pneumonia with currant jelly sputum

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

60
Q

Most common cause of pneumonia in alcoholics

A

Klebsiella

61
Q

Blue green pigment of pseudomonas

A

Pyocyanin

62
Q

Causes the sweet grape-like odor of pseudomonas

A

Aminoacetophenone

63
Q

Virulence factors responsible for necrotizing pneumonia in pseudomonas

A

Elastase and protease

64
Q

Damages cilia and mucosal cells in pseudomonas infection

A

Pyocyanin

65
Q

Causes hemoglobin breakdown in pseudomonas infection

A

Verdoglobin

66
Q

Hot tub folliculitis, green nail syndrome, burn infections, contact lens keratitis

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

67
Q

Most common cause of otitis externa, CSOM

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

68
Q

Osteomyelitis and pubic osteomyelitis in IV drug users

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

69
Q

Typhlitis, Shanghai fever, peritonitis in px undergoing peritoneal dialysis

A

Pseudomonas

70
Q

Predominant anaerobe of the human colon

A

Bacteroides fragilis

71
Q

Causes abdominal abscesses, peritonitis, or cerebral abscess with bowel perforation

A

Bacteroides fragilis

Microbiology II (13 decks)

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