neuro and gen med

Question 1

nephrogenic systemic fibrosis

Answer 1

skin induration and pachymeningitis that may involve dura/cranial nerves

Question 2

RPLS/PRES/Hyperperfusion syndrome

Answer 2

impaired autoregulation –> high capillary pressure: HTN encephalopathy, preeclampsia. postcarotid enarterectomy reperfusion syndrome. Endothelial dysfunction due to drugs: calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus, cyclosporine), sirolimus, cytarabine, gemcitabine, interleukin, epo

Question 3

Subacute combined degeneration

Answer 3

B12 deficiency

elevated methylmalonate & homocysteine

Question 4

Iron deficiency anemia (2 sx)

Answer 4

PICA, restless legs.

Question 5

Thiamine deficiency

Answer 5

nutritional polyneuropathy
wernicke-korsakoff syndrome
cerebellar degeneration

Question 6

Pyridoxine

Answer 6

too little: polyneuropathy (INH)

too much: sensory ataxia (posterior columns)

Question 7

Vitamin A

Answer 7

too little: xerophthalmia (night blindness)

too much: pseudotumor cerebri

Question 8

Vitamin E

Answer 8

requires both bile and fatty acids
spinocerebellar degeneration and polyneuropathy (posterior
columns, large myelinated peripheral nerve axons)

Question 9

Vitamin D

Answer 9

deficiency can
produce a proximal myopathy that coexists with osteomalacia, pathologic fractures and bone pain involving thigh and pelvis with waddling gait

Question 10

Tuberous Sclerosis Complex:

Answer 10

Normal intelligence unless seizures (25% of children with infantile spasms have TCA)
Subependymal nodules may obstruct at foramen of monro
Tx rapamycin