3_Joints (ch 8)

Question 1

Explain the 3 functional classifications of joints:

1. Synarthroses: ________
2. Amphiarthroses: ________
3. Diarthroses: _____

Answer 1

Synarthroses: no movement
Amphiarthrosis: slightly movable
Diarthroses: freely movable

Question 2

Identify the 3 structural classifications of joints:
1.
2.
3.

Answer 2

1. fibrous
2. cartilaginous
3. synovial

Question 3

Fibrous joints are characterized by:

1. bones joined by dense _______ connective tissue
2. no _______ cavity
3. most are synarthrotic (_________)

Answer 3

1. fibrous
2. joint
3. immovable

Question 4

Types of Fibrous Joints and where they are found:

1. Sutures
2. Syndesmoses
3. Gomphoses

Answer 4

1. Sutures: held together with very short interconnecting fibers and interlocking bone edges. Found only in skull.
2. Syndesmoses: joint held together by a ligament. fibrous tissue can vary in length, but is longer than sutures (eg found in ankle).
3. Gomphosis: “peg in socket” fibrous joint. eg periodontal ligament holds tooth in socket

Question 5

Cartilaginous joints are characterized by:

1. bones united by ________
2. no ______ cavity
3. not highly _________

Answer 5

1. cartilage
2. joint
3. movable

Question 6

Types of cartilaginous joints and where they are found:

1. Synchondroses
2. Symphyses

Answer 6

1. Synchondroses: bones united by hyaline cartilage (eg epiyseal plate - temporary hyaline cartilage joint)(sternum and joint between first rib and sternum)
2. Symphyses: bones united by fibrocartilage (eg fibrocartilaginous intervertebral disc sandwiched between hyaline cartilage)(pubic symphysis)

Question 7

Characteristics of Synovial Joints and where they are found

1. bones separated by ________ _______ _______
2. ______ are diarthrotic
3. Some have______ pads
4. some have fibrocartilage articular discs (_________)
5. Found in all _______ joints and most body joints

Answer 7

1. fluid-filled joint cavity
2. all
3. fatty
4. menisci
5. limb

Question 8

Structures associated with Synovial joints:

1. Bursae: sacs lined with ______ membrane and filled with ______ fluid. Bursa rolls and lessens ________.
2. Tendon sheath: elongated _____ wrapped around the _____

Answer 8

1. synovial, synovial, friction
2. bursa, tendon

Question 9

Stabilizing factors at Synovial Joints

1. Shapes: _______ surfaces
2. ________: number/location (limited role)
3. Muscle ________: cross joint (most important); muscle _____ keeps tendons taut

Answer 9

1. articular
2. ligaments
3. tendons, tone

Question 10

Answer 10

Consult for:

joint names

articulating bones

structural classification

functional classification

movements allowed

*table for reference; will not be tested

Question 11

Answer 11

Consult for:

joint names

articulating bones

structural classification

functional classification

movements allowed

*table for reference; will not be tested

Question 12

Answer 12

Consult for:

joint names

articulating bones

structural classification

functional classification

movements allowed

*table for reference; will not be tested

Question 13

Answer 13

Consult for:

joint names

articulating bones

structural classification

functional classification

movements allowed

*table for reference; will not be tested