3MB Drugs Flashcards
(26 cards)
SSRI mechanism
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor
Selectively inhibit reuptake of serotonin (5HT) from the synaptic cleft
MAOI mechanism
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
Irreversible or reversible inhibitors of MAO-A and MAO-B
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) mechanism of action
Block reuptake of monoamines into presynaptic terminals
mainly noradrenaline and 5HT.
SNRIs mechanism
Serotonin & Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
Block the reuptake of monoamines (noradrenaline and serotonin, or 5HT) into presynaptic terminals
Fewer side effects than tricyclics.
Lithium mechanism
Used in
Inhibit glycogen synthase kinase 3beta
block phosphatidylinositol pathway
Used in bipolar affective disorder (reduce mood in episodes of mania, raises mood in depression)
Drug classes used for anxiety
Benzodiazepines
SSRIs
Tricyclics
Pregabalin
What are the two classes of antipsychotics?
Typical (1st generation)
Atypical (2nd generation)
Which class of antipsychotics are more likely to induce extra pyramidal side effects?
Typical (1st gen)
List some extra pyramidal side effects (EPSE)
Acute dystonic redaction
Parkinsonism
Akathisia
Tardive dyskinesia
What is acute dystonic reaction
What can it be treated with?
Painful, non voluntary muscle spasms
Occurs early on in antipsychotic treatment.
Acetylcholine antagonists
Parkinsonism
Tremor, rigidity, slowness of gait
Takes days-months to develop
anticholinergics help
Akithisia
Internal restlessness. Fidgeting, wriggling, pacing, walking on the spot.
Constantly feel the need to move.
Tardive dyskinesia
Repetitive involuntary purposeless movements
grimacing, sticking tongue out, lip smacking, blinking
Takes years to develop.
Prochlorperazine, Procyclidine and Orphenadrine are examples of what?
Acetylcholine antagonists.
Which receptor do typical (1st gen) antipsychotics target?
D2 inhibition
dopamine
Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine, Fluphenazine are examples of which class of antipsychotic?
Typicals
Haloperidol
Typical antipsychotic
Hyperprolactinaemia is more common in which type of antipsychotics?
Typical antipsychotics.
Prolactin secretion under inhibitory control of dopamine. Typicals inhibit dopamine receptors leading to disinhibition and increase of prolactin.
Clozapine (atypical) has which dangerous side effect
Agranulocytosis
Is metabolic syndrome a more common side effect of typical or atypical antipsychotics?
Atypicals
Metabolic syndrome
Side effect of atypical antipsychotics
Weight gain Increased abdominal girth T2DM High blood pressure abnormal cholesterol
Olanzapine, Risperidone, Quetiapine, aripiprazole and amisulpride are types of?
Atypical antipsychotics
Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine, Fluphenazine, Haloperidol and Zuclopentixol are types of?
Typical antipsychotics
Midazolam, Loprazolam, Temazopam are types of?
Benzodiazepines
