3rd LE Flashcards by Jonathan Gonzalez

A unique way in which each individual thinks, acts, and feels

Personality

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Combination of Temperaments, personal history of family, culture, and time from when they grew up.

Personality

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Different Perspectives in Personality

Psychodynamic (Freud)
Behaviorist
Humanistic
Trait

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Focuses on the Role of the Unconscious Mind in personality development

Psychodynamic

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Focuses on the effect of environment on behavior

Behaviorist

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Focuses on the role of each person’s conscious life experiences and choices

Humanistic

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Focuses on the characteristics themselves

Trait

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Psychodynamic Perspective: Parts of the Mind?

Id (Unconscious), Superego (Preconscious), and Ego (Conscious)

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If it feels good, do it!

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It is governed by the PLEASURE PRINCIPLE

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Unconcious Part of the Mind

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The Executive Director

Ego

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More Conscious, Rational, and Logical than the Id

Ego

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Governed by the REALITY PRINCIPLE

Ego

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What is the Reality Principle?

It is the need to satisfy all demands of Id and Superego without leading to negative consequences.

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Moral Center of Personality

Superego

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Governed by Conscience

Superego

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Types of Psychological Defense Mechanisms (both mature and immature)

"IMMATURE DEFENSE MECHANISMS"
Denial
Displacement
Regression
Rationalitzation
Reaction Formation
Projection

MATURE TYPES
Repression
Sublimation
Humor

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Freud’s Psychosexual Stages of Development

Oral (0-2)
Anal (2-3)
Phallic (3-7)
Latency (7-11)
Genital (11-Adult)

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Believed in the concept of childhood tensions and how these tensions were social and not sexual in nature

Alfred Adler

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Believed the social aspects of childhood growth and development and argued with Freud saying how wormen do not have Penis Envy

Karen Horney

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Relevance of Freud

1) Pointed out the unconcious mental processes
2) Importance of conflict and ambivalence of behavior
3) How there are childhood origins to adult personalities
4) Concept of stages of psychological development

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This approach focuses on the innate human goodness and freedom to choose.
Focuses on things that make people uniquely human

Humanistic Approach

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He believed that humans are always striving to fulfill their innate capacities and capabilities to become everything that their genes will allow them to become!

Carl Rogers’ Self Actualization Theory

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The parts of the image of yourself

Real Self and the Ideal Self

When your ideal self and real self are congruent

Harmony

When your ideal self and real self are incongruent

Anxiety

A consistent and enduring way of thinking, feeling or behaving

Trait

It is a continuum, which means that everyone has these traits and you are simply testing how much is present in people.

Trait

Big 5 Traits of Human Personality

``` Openness Conscientiousness Extraversion Agreeableness Neuroticism ```

Human personality related to Emotional Stability

Neuroticism

Related to how much other people like a person

Agreeableness

Related to how much a person prefers being in a group vs being alone

Extraversion

How much a person is self aware of his surroundings and takes effort on it.

Conscientousness

How much a person is willing to try new things and experiences

Openness

Can traits change?

Yes they can

What is the goal of the trait approach?

It aims to describe personality and predict possible behaviors rather than changing and explaining it.

The study of how people think about, influence and relate with one another.

Social Psychology

Looks at behavior and mental processes but includes the social world in which we exist as context.

Social Psychology

The scientific study of how a person’s behavior, thoughts and feelings are influenced by social groups.

Social Psychology

What are the factors that make us feel attracted to someone?

Proximity Physical Attractiveness High Similarities

Different PLS Score categories?

``` Extremely Passionate Passionate Average Cool Extremely Cool ```

It is a state if intense longing for union with another person

Passionate Love

A state of profound physiological arousal that when reciprocated, leaves us feeling elated and fulfilled, and vice versa

Passionate Love

ABC’s of Passionate Love

Affect Behavior Cognition

Components of the Triangular Theory of Love

Passion Intimacy Commitment

What is Passion?

Physical aspect of love | Emotional and sexual arousal a pesron feels towards the other person;

What is Intimacy

Feelings of emotional connectedness with another person The feelings of closeness that one has for another person Not physical but psychological Desire to share innermost thought and feelings Self-disclosure -> reveal secrets to each other

What is commitment

Decision to maintain relationship | Resolve Conflicts

The main difference of Intimacy vs Passion is?

Intimacy is a sense of emotional connectedness while Passion is physical desires

Different Kinds of Love?

Romantic Love - Passion and Intimacy (Basis for a lasting relationship) Companionate Love - Intimacy + Commitment (Binding that holds marriage together) Fatuous Love - Passion + Commitment (There is no emotional level, but more on physical pleasures) Consummate Love - All 3 Combined #Relationshipgoals and may lead to companionate loveduring the middle years of a relationship's commitment

What chemicals are mostly involved in love?

Dopamine (at the start) and Oxytocin (when comfortable with the other person)

Breaking up is Hard because?

Low perceived barriers (which are things that make you stay in a relationship) and Other people who are worth more of your time (Alternatives)

Breaking up is Hard because?

Low perceived barriers (which are things that make you stay in a relationship) and Other people who are worth more of your time (Alternatives)

Is there a difference with love in the LGBT community?

What do people look for in their romantic partners?

Warmth and Affection Dependability Shared interest Similarity of religion beliefs

What makes LGBT love a bit different?

Equal share of power since both same gender There are usually more male homoseual relationships Usually easier to say goodbye to a S.O

What are the problems brought by having a stigma on LGBT couples?

Less family support Lack of social acceptance No protection offered by legal recognition Hate crimes and violence

Why are relationships good?

``` Sense of connectedness, acceptance and validation Secure base to pursue personal goals Safe place in times of trouble Materials and Informational resources Caring for others aside from self Pleasure ```

Social Interactions

Stereotype Predjudice Discrimination

A set of beliefs about the characteristics of people in a group that is generalized to all members of group.

Stereotype (BELIEF, purely mental)

Negative attitude directde towards others because of membership in a specific group.

Prejudice (ATTITUDE, influences behavior, mental aspect)

Negative behaviors directed at members of a group

Discrimination (BEHAVIOR, the act of doing it)

How do you become prejudiced?

Bias of your group vs another | Learning

How to overcome prejudice

``` Intergroup contact (Diversity) Equal Status Contact (No superior) ```

The Tendency to respond postively or negatively towards a certain idea, person, object or situation.

Attitude

Models of Attitude

Affect - Emotional Part Behavior - Acting Part Cognition - Beliefs/Thinking part

Any pattern of behavior that is statistically rare, deviant from social norms, and causes people significant stress Causes harm to self, and harms own functionality

Psychological Disorder

What do you call disorders that can go together

Comorbidity NOTE THAT YU CANNOT HAVE MORE THAN ONE DISORDER PER CATEGORY

Disorders in which mood is severely disturbed

Mood Disorder

Examples of Mental Disorders

Major Depression Bipolar Disorder Anxiety Disorder Schizophrenia

Comes on suddenly without any external cause?

Major Depression

When you do not feel any sense of pleasure

Ahedonia

Moods that range from depressive to manic episodes

Bipolar Disorder

Associeate with impulse control, excessive excitement, energy and elation

Manic episodes

The main symptom is excessive or unrealistic anxiety or fearfulness

Anxiety disorder

Anxiety that is unrelated to any realistic, known source

Free floating anxiety

Severe disorder in which the person suffers from DISORDERED Thinking, bizzare behavior, hallucinations, and is unable to distinguish fantasy from reality.

Schizophrenia

3rd LE Flashcards

(78 cards)