3rd Year

Question 0

Name 3 causes of unilateral hilar enlargement

Answer 0

Bronchial carcinoma
TB
Lymphoma
Metastatic lymph node
Atypical sarcoidosis

Question 1

Name 3 causes of lung mass

Answer 1

Bronchial carcinoma
Pulmonary mets
Round pneumonia
Lung hamartoma
Rheumatoid nodule
Lung abscess

Question 2

3 causes of bilateral hilar enlargement

Answer 2

Sarcoidosis
Lymphoma
Pulmonary hypertension
Metastatic

Question 3

Name 3 causes of microcytic anaemia

Answer 3

Iron deficiency
Chronic disease
Thalassaemia

Question 4

3 causes of macrocytic anaemia

Answer 4

Vit B / folate deficiency
Alcohol consumption
Hypothyroidism

Question 5

3 causes of normocytic anaemia

Answer 5

Chronic disease
Haemolytic anaemia
Acute blood loss

Question 6

3 causes of haemolytic anaemia

Answer 6

Autoimmune hot/cold
Mechanical heart valve
Transfusion / drug reaction

Question 7

3 causes of polycythaemia

Answer 7

Dehydration
Hypoxia
Incr erythropoietin

Question 8

What is alpha-fetal protein

Answer 8

Liver cancer

Testicular cancer

Question 9

What is CEA a marker for

Answer 9

Colorectal cancer

Question 10

What is CA 19-9 a marker for

Answer 10

Pancreatic cancer

Question 11

What is CA 125 a marker for

Answer 11

Ovarian cancer

Question 12

Which cancer is B-hCG a marker for?

Answer 12

Testicular cancer

Question 13

What does isolated incr ALP and deafness suggest

Answer 13

Pagets

Question 14

Name 3 causes of eosinophilia

Answer 14

Atopy
Vasculitis
Pregnancy
Parasites

Question 15

3 causes of thrombophilia

Answer 15

Post op
Infection
Inflammation

Question 16

3 causes of Neutrophilia

Answer 16

Infection
Vasculitis
Inflammation
Malignancy

Question 17

3 causes of neutropenia

Answer 17

Malignancy
Iatrogenic eg chemotherapy
Infection

Question 18

What factors are tested by PT

Answer 18

I, II, V, VII and X

Question 19

What factors are tested in APTT

Answer 19

all factors apart from VII

Question 20

What is APTT used to monitor?

And why may it be spuriously high

Answer 20

Heparin levels

If taken from a central line, contains heparin in the end of the lumen

Question 21

What is the only condition where
PT incr
APTT incr
Fibrinogen decr

Answer 21

DIC

Question 22

What do you give for VT

Answer 22

Amiodarone 300mg IV

Followed by 900 mg over 24 hrs

Question 23

What do you give for irregular narrow complex tachycardia

Answer 23

Beta-blocker

Diltiazem

Question 24

What do you give for a narrow complex regular tachycardia

Answer 24

Adenosine 6 mg IV 12 mg 12 mg

Question 25

What do you give for a tachycardia with adverse features

Answer 25

Syncro DC shock Amiodarone 300 mg IV 900 mg over 24hrs

Question 26

What antibodies can be tested for autoimmune hepatitis

Answer 26

Anti-nuclear Anti-smooth muscle Anti-liver Microsomal-1

Question 27

What iron profile would be seen in haemochromatosis

Answer 27

Incr Fe Incr ferritin Incr transferrin sat Decr TIBC

Question 28

In what disease is copper increased

Answer 28

Wilson's disease

Question 29

Which marker is high in hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 29

Alpha fetoprotein

Question 30

Name 3 predisposing factors for pneumothorax

Answer 30

COPD/ asthma Pulmonary fibrosis/ CF Trauma Iatrogenic

Question 31

Causes of upper lobe fibrosis

Answer 31

``` BREAST Berylliosis Radiation Extrinsic allergic alveolitis Ankylosing spondylitis Sarcoidosis Tuberculosis ```

Question 32

Name 3 causes of lower lobe pulmonary fibrosis

Answer 32

CAD Connective tissue disorder Asbestosis Drug induced

Question 33

What bus the sail sign

Answer 33

Left lower love collapse

Question 34

What can cause left lower lobe collapse

Answer 34

Central hilar/ endobronchial mass Endobronchial foreign body Endobronchial mucus plug

Question 35

Name 3 causes of pulmonary oedema

Answer 35

Cardiac failure Acute renal failure ARDS Massive acute MI

Question 36

What is seen on a CXR in a person with cardiac failure

Answer 36

``` Cardiomegaly Pleural effusions Peri hilar consolidation (bats wings) Upper lobe venous distension Inter lobular septal lines (kerley B lines) ```

Question 37

What do you give for bradycardia with adverse features

Answer 37

Atropine 500mcg IV

Question 38

What additional drugs can be given for bradycardia after initial atropine

Answer 38

More atropine up to 3mg Isoprenaline 5mcg/min IV Adrenaline 2-10mcg/min IV Transcutaneous pacing

Question 39

Name the 2 shockable pulses

Answer 39

VF | Pulse less VT

Question 40

Name 2 rhythms which are not shockable

Answer 40

PEA | Asystole