3rdQ2ndSEM Flashcards
(43 cards)
defined as the kinetic energy of the molecules of the substance.
Heat
together form the basics which helped process
designers and engineers to optimize their processes and harness the energy
associated with chemical reactions economically.
Heat
and the thermodynamics
flows from
higher temperature to lower temperature
Heat energy
done by a system is defined as the quantity of energy exchanged
between a system and its surroundings.
Work
is completely governed by
external factors such as an external force, pressure or volume or change in
temperature etc.
Work
The relationship between the two concepts can be analyzed through the topic of Thermodynamics, which is the scientific
study of the interaction of heat and other types of energy.
cannot be created nor destroyed, but it can be converted or
transferred.
Energy
With the interactions of ____, ____, and ________ ______, there are energy
transfers and conversions every time a change is made upon a system.
However, no net energy is created or lost during these transfers.
heat, work and internal energy
refers to all the energy within a given system, including
the kinetic energy of molecules and the energy stored in all of the chemical
bonds between molecules.
Internal energy
refers to the energy content within the system.
Internal Energy
The energy represents the overall energy of the system and may include
many forms of energy such as
potential energy, kinetic energy etc.
refers to the energy content within the system.
Internal Energy
The internal energy of a system may change when?
- Heat passes into or out of the system,
- Work is done on or by the system or matter enters or leaves the system.
interact with each other and depending on
the type of the system, exchange of matter and energies occur.
surrounding and universe
defines a system as the part of the universe under study
that is the part where observations are made.
Thermodynamics
entirely depends on the movement of energy
and matter in or out of the system.
system’s classification
three types of system:
- Open System
- Closed System
- Isolated System
Those systems where the
exchange of energy, as well as
matter takes place, are treated
as an open system. For example,
water is boiled on a stove
without it being covered, the
container behaves as an open
system because it receives heat
energy from an external source
and the matter being released
are water vapours.
Open System
neither energy nor matter can be exchanged
between the system and the surrounding. An example of this system
is a Thermos flask.
Isolated System
It
can also be said that a closed system has
a constant amount of matter and only the
energy of the system can be changed.
Closed System
is referred to the system
where only energy can be exchanged with
the surrounding and not the matter.
Closed System
when we keep a shield bottle of
water in the fridge, the loss of energy to
the surrounding will result in the
temperature of the water inside it going
down even though the quantity of water
in the bottle remains the same.
Closed System
Due to the absorption of energy when chemical bonds are broken, and the
release of energy when chemical bonds are formed, chemical reactions almost
always involve a change in energy between products and reactants.
By the Law of Conservation of Energy
The
energy change in a chemical reaction is due to the difference in the amounts
of stored chemical energy between the products and the reactants.
This stored chemical energy, or heat content, of the system is known as its?
enthalpy
