4 Flashcards
(18 cards)
Define Batch production
A method of production where one type of production is made and then production is switched to make a a different production
Flow production
Production of one product that takes place continuously using a production assembly line. It is sometimes called mass production
Job production
A method of production where products are made individually
Production processes
The three methods or processes of production -job batch and flow
What are the three methods of production
Job production, batch production, flow production
What are the advantages and disadvantages of job production
+ – Item is likely to be of a high-quality and is a one-off bespoke item
– The business can often charge a high price and make a profit
– – Can be a high cost method of production especially if it requires especially skilled workers to produce them
– Production may be slow and the customer may have to wait for the product
What are the advantages and disadvantages of batch production
+ – Batches can be varied to meet the needs of different customers
– There are no storage costs if goods are made to order
– It is cheaper than job production
– – Machines need resetting between different batches which costs money
– Stocks of raw materials may be needed
– Tasks may be repetitive and boring for workers leading to motivation in staff retention problems
What are the advantages and disadvantages of flow production
+ – Large quantities are produced for sale
– The business may gain economies of large-scale production which can reduce unit costs
– Use of machinery/automation can reduce costs
– Use of computer controlled machinery allows some variation in products
– – mass-produced goods may not be of high quality
– The business may need to store large stocks of materials ready for use on the production line
– Production can be disrupted for example by mechanical breakdown
– Tasks may be repetitive and boring for workers leading to motivate motivation and staff retention problems
What are the three uses of technology in production
– Computers – E.G.keeping accounts on spreadsheets, writing letters
– Automation – a machine to fill paint cans and put lids on,Sensors to control heating systems, sensors used to automatically control the direction and speed of a vehicle
– Robotics – welding tightening bolts and paint spraying
What are some advantages of using technology in production
– Machines can replace workers reducing cost
– workers productivity is increased as computers help them to work faster and produce more which reduces cost
– waste is reduced as machines are usually more accurate than humans – production can be flexible as machines can be programmed to change what is produced
– technology can operate 24/7
– human safety is improved as machines can do dangerous jobs
– new technology can lead to new products of businesses to sell
What are the disadvantages of using technology in production
– The business may need to recruit skilled labour to program the computers which control production
– Workers may need to be retrained to work with the new technology and training cost money
– machines can breakdown, disrupting production
– new technology can be expensive to buy
– customers may not like automation for example automated telephone response systems
– the storage of data about customers must meet the requirements of data protection laws
What are the three concepts of quality
– Is fit for purpose
– complies with all relevant legal requirements
– does what the customer expects
What are the benefits of providing quality goods and services
– Waste is reduced
– the business gains a good reputation
What are the advantages of quality control
– Shops poor quality and goods and services being sold
– production continual inspection takes place – output is not affected – producing good quality products will improve reputation of this business
What are the disadvantages of quality control
– It does not prevent waste
– inspection can be costly
– it does not encourage workers to be responsible for quality
What are the advantages of quality assurance
– It should reduce wastage and costs
– all workers are responsible for quality which may motivate them to take care
– If quality goods and services result it will improve the reputation of the business
What are the disadvantages of quality assurance
Workers may be stressed by the responsibility of having to check the quality of their own work
What are the two methods of selling
– Face-to-face selling
– telesales
