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Boards 2021 > 4/5 > Flashcards

4/5 Flashcards

(174 cards)

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1
Q

concealment allocation

A

prevents investigators from knowing the intervention assignment of an individual
reduces bias

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2
Q

contraindication of azetazolamide

A

sulfa allergy

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3
Q

when to refer for TURP

A

12 - 24 mo failed medical tx

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4
Q

PPV equation

A

true pos / true pos + false pos

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5
Q

lab correlating to severity in placental abruption

A

low fibrinogen

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6
Q

extraintestinal UC

A

arthritis, uveitis, erythma nodosum, primary sclerosis cholangitis

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7
Q

big diff in initial sx in UC vs Crohns

A

crohns with perianal sx; fissures, strictures

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8
Q

RF spontaneous pneumothorax

A

smoking

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9
Q

what size pneumothorax do you just observe

A

< 20 %

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10
Q

PE finding pneuomothorax

A

decreased tactile fremitus

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11
Q

lung cancer a/w SIADH

A

small cell

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12
Q

acne tx that also decreases hyperpigmentation

A

azaleic acid

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13
Q

tx esophageal candidiasis

A
  1. fluconazole

if not working try caspofungin

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14
Q

ICU pt w/ eos…

A

adrenal insufficiency?

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15
Q

TOA tx

A

cefoxitin and doxy

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16
Q

anal fissure tissue and tx

A

squamous cell, topical nifedipine or nitroglycerin

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17
Q

shoulder dystocia steps

A 
mcroberts, suprapubic
deliver posterior arm
then woodscrew
break clavicle
put em back and section
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18
Q

how long after tx to test for h pylori

A

4 wks

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19
Q

prophylaxis cluster headache

A

verapamil

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20
Q

new name dishydrotic eczema

A

acute palmoplantar eczema

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21
Q

MAOB inhib example

A

selegiline

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22
Q

benztropine MOA

A

anticholinergic

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23
Q

1st line UTI

A

apparently not keflex

TMP, nitrofurantoin

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24
Q

bleeding issue, normal pt, ptt, inr, platelets

A

VWB dz

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25
COPD FEV1/FVC
< 0.7
26
merit based incentive pay system adjustment categories
quality cost promoting interoperability improvement activities
27
best ADHD test
Conners
28
dx pyloric stenosis
U/S
29
meds a/w pyloric stenosis
azithromycin, erythromycin
30
sweat chloride CF
> 60
31
abortive cluster HA
O2 and sumatriptan
32
prophylaxis for mild varices
nadalol (or propranalol?)
33
tx for hTN w/ complete heart block
IV dopamine
34
which is worse ascending, descending aortic dissection
ascending
35
murmur w/ aortic disection
aortic regurg
36
surgery vs glasses for estropia in kids
< 6 mo = surgery
37
CSF leak lab
beta-2-transferrin
38
timeframe subchorionic hematoma
< 20 weeks
39
when to switch repeat thoracentesis to pleurodesis
think if doing it more than 1/mo or returning in a few days
40
fatigue meds in fibromyalgia
TCA, SNRIs
41
pansystolic murmur, louder w/ inspiration
TR
42
juvenile RA labs
usually RF and ANA neg
43
knee pain w/ tibial tuberocity enlargemtn
osgood schlatter
44
RSV prophylaxis
pavilizumab (for premature infants, children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and infants with congenital heart disease.)
45
test after screen positive for autism
Autism diagnostic obs schedule
46
which SSRI to avoid in pregnancy
paroxetine
47
egg on a string on cxr
transposition of great arteries
48
genetic abnormality a/w ToF
downs
49
chronic heel pain in an adolescent athlete
think Sever dz (apophysitis)
50
timeframe for c.diff after abx
1-2 weeks
51
weakness fatigue and bruising in an old guy
AML
52
ogilvies tx
start with NG tube, if need neostigmine or really bad decompression
53
cauda equina syndrome tx
high dose steroids
54
Anti-dsDNA
SLE (maybe RA)
55
Anti-Jo
myositis
56
anti-SSA
Sjogren, SLE
57
Anti-SCL
scleroderma
58
anti-CCP
RA
59
spatula test
touch posterior throat and pt bites down instead of gagging | tetanus
60
HOCM Tx
BB or CCB if not tolerated | avoid inotropes or NG
61
VTE with CKD tx
unfractionated heparin
62
tx hydrofluoric acid
Ca gluconate
63
antisocial personality in kids
conduct d/o
64
tx dilated cardiomyopathy
ICD to prevent sudden cardiac death | ACE if HF stuff
65
BP diff in diff arms
think dissection
66
better movements w/ spinal stenosis
flexion
67
CIN2-3 tx
LEEP = cold knife
68
yellow vision
cataracts
69
gout in ESRD tx
glucocorticoids
70
hill-sachs lesion
posterolateral humeral head compression frx
71
bankart lesion
anterior inferior aspect of glenoid
72
things that falsely raise A1c
anemia, renal failure, asplenia
73
falsely lowers A1c
hemolysis, acute blood loss, pregnancy
74
what type of emphysema w/ A1anti-trypsin
panacinar
75
when do you not need backup BC for mirena insertion
7 days from first day of period
76
metabolic problem w/ carbamazepine
hyponatremia (especially old)
77
next step for psoriasis after topical steroids
add topical calcipotriene or tazotene
78
distorted grid lines on amsler grid test
macular degeneration
79
severe pancreatitis nutrition
NG continuous
80
top chigger spots
neckline, waistline, socks
81
1st line tx symptomatic sarcoid
steroids (then azathioprine, methotrexate)
82
hashimoto vs PP thyroiditis
PP is usually mild or asymptomatic, painless with maybe mild goiter and then transitions to hypothyroid, anti-thyroid meds don't work
83
things that raise BNP besides heart pathology
female, black, renal failure
84
benign murmur in kids
left sternal systolic (Still) | + cyanosis worry about tricuspid atresia
85
osteoporosis and CKD (GFR < 30)
1. make sure supplementing Ca and vit D 2. avoid bisphophonates (fosomax, reclast) 3. think denosumab (prolia)
86
UTI abx to avoid in CKD
nitrofurantoin
87
2nd line seizures
keppra, phenytoin
88
upper and motor neuron path
think ALS
89
anterior dislocation reduction
use intra-articular pain control (or nothing if immediately after in the gym/field)
90
when to start PT after a reduced dislocation
2 weeks
91
chlamydia tx
doxy 100 x 7 days or azithro 1000 x 1 in preg
92
DM2 criteria
w/ sx: random > 200 | w/o sx: fasting > 126 x 2, A1c > 6.5 (x2 if only sign), 2 hr GTT > 200
93
jellyfish tx
remove tentacles and hot water
94
microcytic anemia, skeletal changes, iron overload/hepatosplenomegaly
thalassemia
95
diagnostic test for diabetes insipitus
water restriction test
96
carcinoid dx
urine 5-HIAA
97
management mastoiditis
CT, IV abx
98
hemorrhoid grade for rubber band
I-III after failed medical management
99
delirium tool
CAM confusion assessment method
100
lipid screen in kids age
9-11
101
NNT equation
1/ARR
102
specificity equation
specific tests want to find the true negatives | true negs found / all actual negs (true neg/true neg + false pos)
103
sensitivity equation
sensitive tests are used for screening and want to find the true positives true pos found / all actual positives (true pos/ture pos + false neg)
104
otic descriptors of cholesteatoma
retracted pars falccida, white mass posterior to TM
105
seb derm vs tinea capitis
no alopecia w/ seb derm | tinea has black dots
106
1st line tinea capitis tx
griseofluvin
107
metabolic disturbance after subarachnoid hemorrhage
hyponatremia (inappropriate ADH secretion from hypothalamus injury)
108
velvety, well defined red plaque on penis
SCC: erythroplasia of Queyrat
109
imaging for pulm nodule
CT w/o contrast
110
who gets HAV vaccine
drug users, MSM
111
PPV in words
the chance that someone who tests positive is actually positive
112
PPV equation
TP/TP+FP
113
who gets an U/S for AAA
65 - 75 man who smoked/smokes
114
MCC secondary HTN in kids
renal dz, coarctation of the aorta
115
tx inferior MI
no nitrates | give IVF
116
how long are trops up after MI
1-2 wks
117
other complication with endometriosis
increased risk of CAD
118
flushing worse with EtOH, spicy food and hot drinks
rosacea
119
rosacea tx
metronidazole gel azelaic acid ivermectin
120
rosacea vs acne
no comedones in rosacea
121
dance sign
retracted RLQ, a/w intussusception
122
carnett sign
abdominal pain with tensing abs; pathology in abdominal wall vs cavity
123
markle sign
pain with dropping down from tiptoe; peritoneal sign
124
neuro sx intussusception
lethargy
125
giant platelets
think ITP
126
pain at distal forearm w/ crepitus w/ wrist motion
intersection syndrome
127
non steroid reasons for stress ulcer ppx
``` on the vent > 48 hrs coagulopathy (plt < 50, INR > 1.5) TBI/spinal cord burns ICU x 7 days + sepsis ```
128
shit a/w vitiligo (and what you screen for)
``` thyroid issues (get a TSH) DM 1 RA IBD psoriasis alopecia areata pernicious anemia ```
129
systemic (fever, weight loss), derm (nodules/purpura) and elevated BUN
polyarteritis nodosa
130
small vessel vasculitis
HSP Goodpastures granulomatosis with polyangiitis
131
med vessel vasculitides
polyarteritis nodosa becets microscopic polyangiitis
132
large vessel vasculitides
giant cell arteritis | takayasu arteritis
133
the polyangiitis-es
granulomatosis w/ poly (cANCA - bx lung) microscopic poly (pANCA - bx kidney) both with pulm infiltrates and nephritis
134
when to test after chlamydia tx
3 mo normally | if pregnant, symptomatic or used 2nd line TOC in 3 weeks
135
oral ulcers w/ grey pseudo-membrane and punched out appearance
acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) aka trench mouth
136
ludwig angina
cellulitis of submandibular/sublingual spaces --> raised tongue
137
extra lab for alopecia areata
TSH
138
anemia, LAD, hepatosplenomegaly +/- bone pain
Waldenstrom's macroglobulenimia
139
fibromuscular dysplasia tx
ACE/Arb
140
adenoma vs macroadenoma
macro is > 10 mm
141
1st line cushings dx
24 hr urine cortisol low dose dexamethasone late night salivary cortisol
142
coffee bean on neonatal u/s
volvulus
143
whirlpool sign neo u/s
volvulus
144
double bubble sign
duodenal atresia
145
anticoagulants on the beers criteria
rivoroxaban | dabigatran
146
ocular changes and subcutaneous nodules
think onchocerciasis (river blindness nematode)
147
COPD with cushing sx
think ACTH secreting small cell lung cancer
148
animal bite in PCN allergic preggos
azithro
149
diff in treating SIADH 2/2 subarachnoid hemorrhage
no fluid restriction, just start with hypertonic saline
150
abnormal Schirmir's test
dry eye --> sjogrens
151
rx torsades
stable: Mg unstable: cardioversion
152
ADHD
< 6: behavioral | > 6: behavioral + meds
153
appetite stims
megestrol (c/i w/ risk of VTE) mirtazapine steroids (terminal/cancer)
154
what to use if daytime sleepiness doesn't improve with CPAP for OSA
modafinil
155
time frame criteria cluster HA
15 - 180 min
156
when do you not need labs to dx a thyroid d/o
trauma thyroiditis
157
when to screen for GDM
24 - 28 wks
158
cutoffs for GDM
``` first 1 hr: > 130 if positive then 3 hr: fasting > 100 > 180 @ 1 > 155 @ 2 > 140 @ 3 ```
159
levo how long before meals
30-60 min
160
pheo triad
HA sweating tachycardia w/ HTN
161
BMI cutoff for obesity meds
> 30 and failed lifestyle mods
162
CA a/w agent orange
non-hodgkin lymphoma
163
lab levels PP thyroiditis
low/normal TSH | high free T4
164
alpha-1-antitrypsin derm
necrotizing panniculitis
165
tx serotonin syndrome
benzos
166
pheo: urine vs plasma metanephrines
urine is w/ sx, plasma is to screen high risk
167
heart things in FAS
VSD ASD ToF aberrant great vessels
168
how long to keep concussion people from sports
till asx w/o meds
169
pulsus paradoxis
BP drops with inspiration | think tamponade
170
MC SLE eye thing
keratoconjunctivitis sicca
171
parts of lungs affected in alpha-1-anti
bases
172
VSD murmur
harsh holosystolic loudest at L lower sternal border
173
acute pericardial effusion w/ coagulopathy
apparently open window is less risk of bleeding than percutaneous pericardiocentesis
174
nagayama spots
ulcers in the mouth a/w roseola

Boards 2021 (5 decks)

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