4. Eergy rescources & Energy transfers

Question 1

name 10 energy types and an example of each

come with rhyme to help remember

Answer 1

chemical- foods, fuels, batteries
kinetic- anything moving
gravitational-anything which can fall
elastic- springs, rubber bands 
thermal- heat ( flows from hot objects to cold)
magnetic- 
electrostatic
nuclear- nuclear reactions
light- sun, light bulbs
sound- speakers

Question 2

name 4 ways of energy transfers

Answer 2

mechanically
electrically
heating
radiation ( light and sound)

Question 3

conservation of energy law

Answer 3

energy can not be created or destroyed it can only be transferred from one form to another

Question 4

efficiency equation

Answer 4

efficiency = useful energy output / total energy input ( x 100 for % )

Question 5

examples- energy transfer in tv

Answer 5

electrical -> light + sound ( heat = waste )

Question 6

be able to show energy transfers on a Sankey diagram

Answer 6

???

Question 7

what 3 ways can thermal ( heat) energy be transferred

Answer 7

convection- liquids + gases
conduction- solids
radiation- solids, liquids, gases

Question 8

radiation is the transfer of heat energy by ?

Answer 8

electromagnetic waves

Question 9

convection + conduction is the transfer of heat energy by ?

Answer 9

particles

Question 10

definition of conduction

Answer 10

the process where vibrating particles pass on their extra kinetic energy to neighbouring particles

Question 11

definition of convection

Answer 11

occurs when the more energetic particles move from the hotter region to the cooler region and take the heat energy with them

Question 12

what are convection currents all about

Answer 12

changes in density

Question 13

explain the role of convection in everyday phenomena

Answer 13

??? radiator - (hot less dense air by radiator rises and denser cooler air flows to replace it )

??? Immersion heater

Question 14

explain how emission and absorption of radiation are related to surface and temp.

Answer 14

??? an object that is hotter than its surroundings emits more radiation than it absorbs ( as it cools down)

an object that is cooler than its surroundings absorbs more radiation than it emits ( as it warms down)

Question 15

explain ways of reducing unwanted energy transfer ( in a house )

Answer 15

1. loft insulation- thick layer of fiberglass wool laid on loft floor + ceiling = less heat loss y conduction and convection
2. double glazing - 2 layers of glass with narrow air gap between = less conduction and convection

Question 16

how does insulation work

Answer 16

???

Question 17

how do humans reduce heat transfer

Answer 17

1. cold= hairs on skin stand up = trap thick layer of insulating air around the body= limits amount of heat loss by convection
2. clothes pockets of air trapped in clothes + between layers = reduce heat loss by convection + conduction
3. clothes = material absorbs some heat radiated by bodies= reduce heat loss by radiation

Question 18

work done equation

Answer 18

work done = force x distance moved ( in direction of force)

Question 19

what is work done = to

Answer 19

energy transferred

Question 20

GPE equation

Answer 20

gravitational potential energy = mass x gravitational field strength x height

Question 21

kinetic energy ( KE) equation

Answer 21

kinetic energy = 1/2 x mass x velocity ( speed) “2 ( squared)

Question 22

due to the conversation of energy what is the link between GPE and KE

Answer 22

GPE lost = KE gained

Question 23

how would you describe power

Answer 23

the rate of transfer of energy

the rate of doing work

Question 24

power equation

Answer 24

power = work done / time taken

Question 25

PAPER 2 name 7 energy transfers used in generating electricity

Answer 25

``` wind water geothermal solar fossil fuels nuclear ```

Question 26

PAPER 2 what are non renewable sources of energy

Answer 26

fossil fuels - coal - oil - natural gas nuclear fuels

Question 27

PAPER 2 what are renewable sources of energy

Answer 27

wind water geothermal solar

Question 28

PAPER 2 how does non renewable resources of energy work

Answer 28

* Boiled water- steam drives all turbines * Turbine connected to generator * Magnet coil turns in generator * Generator produces electricity

Question 29

PAPER 2 how does renewable resources of energy work

Answer 29

* Wind/ Sun/ Tidal ( whatever resource) drives all turbines * Turbine connected to generator * Magnet coil turns in generator * Generator produces electricity

Question 30

PAPER 2 advantages of fossil fuels

Answer 30

* high energy density | * on & off when want

Question 31

PAPER 2 advantages of nuclear

Answer 31

* VERY high energy density | * on & off when want

Question 32

PAPER 2 disadvantages of fossil fuels

Answer 32

* Non- renewable , will run out | * Produces green house gases- contribute to global warming

Question 33

PAPER 2 disadvantages of nuclear

Answer 33

* Dangerous * releases radiation- cancer- will kill you * extra security needed- expensive * non renewable- will run out

Question 34

PAPER 2 advantages of renewable energy sources

Answer 34

* Don't produce green house gases- not contributing to global warming * Renewable- won't run out

Question 35

PAPER 2 disadvantages of renewable energy sources

Answer 35

* need certain types of location - weather based | * not reliable- can't control the weather

Question 36

PAPER 2 need to add more disadvantages and disadvantages

Answer 36

???