4. Electrical Signals & Neural Pathways to Spinal Cord Reflexes

Question 1

Uneven distribution of charge means the cell membrane is ______

Answer 1

Polarized

Question 2

Uneven charge distribution is called ______

Answer 2

Resting membrane potential

Question 3

Required to maintain the greater concentration of Na+ outside the cell membrane and K+ inside

Answer 3

Sodium potassium pump

Question 4

Action potential is conducted along the entire axon cell membrane

Answer 4

Continuous conduction

Question 5

Junction where the axon of one neuron interacts w/ another neuron

Answer 5

Synapse

Question 6

End of the axon forms ?

Answer 6

Presynaptic terminal

Question 7

Membrane of the dendrite or effector cell is the _____

Answer 7

Postsynaptic terminal

Question 8

Space between presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes is the _____

Answer 8

Synaptic cleft

Question 9

Involuntary reaction in response to stimulus

Answer 9

Reflex

Question 10

Neuronal pathway in which a reflex occurs

Answer 10

Reflex arc

Question 11

Two or more neurons synapse with the same postsynaptic neuron

Information is transmitted in more than one neuronal pathway to converge into a single pathway

Answer 11

Converging pathway

Question 12

Axon from one neuron divides and synapses with more than one postsynaptic neuron

Diverge in two or more pathways

Answer 12

Diverging pathways

Question 13

Occurs when the local potentials originate from diff locations on the postsynaptic neuron

Answer 13

Spatial summation

Question 14

Occurs when local potentials overlap in time

Answer 14

Temporal summation

Question 15

Extends from the foramen magnum at the base of the skull to the second lumbar vertebra

Answer 15

Spinal cord

Question 16

Inferior end of the spinal cord

Resembles a horse tail

Answer 16

Cauda equina

Question 17

Consist of axons that conduct action potentials toward the brain

Answer 17

Ascending tracts

Question 18

Consist of axons that conduct action potentials away from the brain

Answer 18

Descending tracts

Question 19

Gray matter of the spinal cord is shaped like letter H with ________ and _______

Answer 19

Posterior and anterior horns

Question 20

Exist in levels of the spinal cord associated with the autonomic nervous system

Answer 20

Lateral horns

Question 21

Fluid filled space in the center of the spinal cord

Answer 21

Central canal

Question 22

Dorsal root contains a ganglion called the ______

Answer 22

Dorsal root ganglion- contains the cell bodies of pseudo unipolar sensory neurons

Question 23

Simplest reflex is called the_______

Occurs when muscles contract in response to a stretching force applied to them

Answer 23

Stretch relfex

Question 24

The stimulus for this reflex is stretching of the quadriceps femoris muscle

Classic example of stretch reflex

Answer 24

Knee jerk reflex or patellar reflex

Question 25

Remove a limb or another body part from a painful stimulus

Answer 25

Withdrawal reflex or flexor reflex