4. from war to civil war Flashcards
pressures around peace talks between CCP and GMD
America pressured Jiang to meet with Mao to peace negotiations
Soviets pressured Mao to meet with Jiang
August 1945, American ambassador Patrick Harley personally escorted Mao to Chongqing to talk with jiang
October 1945 peace talk agreements
democratic political freedom: free elections and personal freedoms
release of political freedoms
unified military force
elections for a national assembly
why did tensions arise around the October 1945 peace talk agreements
troubles based who should control the military force
who should control local government in areas the CCP had control
fighting worsened when jiang sent forces to Manchuria
stalin’s influence in manchuria
orded the ccp to give up controlled cities in Manchuria
whilst handing over red army confiscated weapons to the CCP
delayed withdrawing soviet troops from manchuria until ccp had time to establish themselves in the countryside
Stalin Sino Soviet Friendship Treaty
August 1945 Stalin signed friendship treaty with gmd government so he had the rights in Manchuria
Mao saw this as an act of betrayal
December 1945 attempt to ease tensions
Truman, sent George Marshall to ease tensions of the 2 sided conflict
persuaded both sides to ceasefire
Jan 1946 Jiang calls a political conference to discuss government in China
agreements fell apart again when Jiang tried to change the agreements to give him autocratic power so the CCP and other parties withdrew
June 1946 Marshall threatened to withhold American aid if Jiang can’t hold a ceasefire
new ceasefire only lasts 15 days
meant CCP had time to regroup
Jiang referred to this as a ‘most grievous mistake’
American policy in China
wanted domination and influence in East Asia and the Pacific
alliance with Jiang since ww2
many diplomats and military commanders critical of Jiang’s leadership and some even preferred Mao
didn’t want a civil war as it gave the USSR an opportunity to exploit China as a ‘sphere of influence’ in the cold war
didn’t want a communist victory
when Jiang failed to politically reform the withdrew support between September 1945 till July 1947
gave nearly $3 billion to GMD government
