4. Integrated Water Resources Management

Question 1

IWRM (1 (3marks))

Answer 1

process of coordinated development and management of water to maximise social and economic welfare equitably

Question 2

purpose of IWRM (1)

Answer 2

questioning how to augment supply or augment demand

Question 3

demand management (1)

Answer 3

making water use more efficient eg efficient toilet flushing

Question 4

supply management (1)

Answer 4

water is a demand that must be met

Question 5

target groups of IWRM (4)

Answer 5

1. resource management (gov)
2. supply functions (eg randwater)
3. return flow (sewage treatment)
4. end users (institutions, households)

Question 6

behavioural (supply) management (2)

Answer 6

1. education
2. awareness (passive information)

Question 7

example of technological saving (2)

Answer 7

self closing taps, low flush toilets, using non-potable water, reduce leakage

Question 8

non-portable reuse (1)

Answer 8

non drinking water reuse for example for flushing toilet

Question 9

direct potable reuse (1)

Answer 9

reuse potable water eg ?

Question 10

water supply system

Answer 10

dam
treatment plant
clear well storage
bulk water meter for bulk water customer
or intermediate storage
zone meter, district meter, domestic meter

Question 11

authorised consumption (2)

Answer 11

provided from municipality
billed or unbilled for informal settlements or other subsidy (largest non-revenue water in low income areas)

Question 12

water losses (2)

Answer 12

1. apparent losses from inaccuracy or unauthorised consumption
2. real losses like leakages (largest non-revenue water in high income areas)

Question 13

institutional measures of WDM (3)

Answer 13

1. policy (principles for decision making)
2. legislation (enforce policies)
3. regulations (describe legislation)

Question 14

flat rate water (1)

Answer 14

1 charge based on property eg uni res

Question 14

two part tariff (1)

Answer 14

fixed charge based on volume of water

Question 15

3 part tariff (1)

Answer 15

free allowance then charge based on volume of water

Question 16

declining block tariff (1)

Answer 16

more u use the less u pay, attracts industry

Question 17

inclining block tariff (1)

Answer 17

rate per volume increases per volume after free allowance

Question 18

rising block tariff (1)

Answer 18

increase rate in jumps according to volume