4/ mutation Flashcards
(10 cards)
1
Q
polyploidy
A
- wrong number of chromosome sets
- triploidy: 3n
- tetraploidy: 4n
- monoploidy: n
2
Q
aneuploidy
A
- individual chromosomes extra or missing
3
Q
3 large scale chromosomal rearrangements
A
deletions, inversions, translocations
4
Q
individual gene mutation causes
A
- point mutations or frameshifts
- genes interrupted by transposons - jumping genes
- DNA breaks incorrectly repaired
5
Q
whats a null allele
A
- total loss of function
5
Q
auxotrophic mutants
A
- mutants that are unable to synthesise essential compounds like aa
- can grown on complete media or media with the specific compound they cant make
6
Q
minimal vs complete media
A
- minimal: only nutrients an organism cant synthesise itself
- complete media: contains extra nutrients
6
Q
allelic vs non allelic muations
A
- allelic: both mutations on the same gene
- non allelic: mutations on dif genes
7
Q
complementation def
A
production of a wt phenotype when 2 haploid genomes bearing dif recessive mutations are united in the same cell
7
Q
how to identify allelic vs non allelic mutations
A
- complementation
- look at diploid stage - do mutations complement each other
- as in, are the diploid able to grown on minimal media or does it need additional nutrients
- non allelic = complementation
- allelic = non complementation
