4 - Nucleic acids introduction

Question 1

Number of different mammalian mRNAs

Answer 1

12,000

Question 2

Number of mammalian housekeeping mRNAs

Answer 2

10,000

Question 3

Human genome contains how many protein coding genes

Answer 3

26,000

Question 4

Genome exons %

Answer 4

1.1

Question 5

Genome introns %

Answer 5

24

Question 6

Genome intergenic DNA %

Answer 6

75

Question 7

3 components of nucleotides

Answer 7

• 5 carbon sugar
• one or more phosphate group
• base

Question 8

RNA nucleosides

Answer 8

• adenosine
• guanosine
• cytidine
• uridine

Question 9

DNA nucleosides

Answer 9

• deoxyadenosine
• deoxyguanosine
• deoxycytidine
• thymidine

Question 10

Nucleic acid sequences are written from

Answer 10

5’ to 3’

Question 11

In B-DNA, bases are ______ apart

Answer 11

3.4 A

Question 12

In B-DNA, there are ______ bases per turn

Answer 12

10

Question 13

Melting curve measures

Answer 13

denaturation

Question 14

ssDNA absorbs ______% more light at 260 nm than dsDNA (due to unstacking)

Answer 14

12-40

Question 15

Melting point, Tm, is the temperature at which

Answer 15

half the DNA is single stranded

Question 16

What forces stabilize a DNA helix?

Answer 16

• Hydrophobic forces
• Hydrogen bonds
• Ionic interactions

Question 17

Stacking of bases in DNA is stabilized by

Answer 17

hydrophobic interactions and vdW interactions

Question 18

Major force in DNA helix stability

Answer 18

hydrophobic interactions from base stacking

Question 19

How do cations increase the stability of DNA helix?

Answer 19

By shielding negatively charged phosphate backbone

Question 20

> GC = >

Answer 20

Tm

Question 21

ssDNA has greater absorbance at 260 nm than dsDNA due to

Answer 21

base stacking

Question 22

Reactive nucleotides are found in proteins as

Answer 22

cofactors

Question 23

Tautomers make up only

Answer 23

0.1-0.0001% of DNA/RNA bases in solution

Question 24

The glycosidic bond side is in the

Answer 24

minor groove