4. Pref, Suf, Com And Other

Question 1

What is affixation?

Answer 1

The process of adding prefixes or suffixes to a root word to create new words

Question 2

What are the two main types of affixes?

Answer 2

Prefixes (added before) and suffixes (added after the root).

Question 3

Why is affixation important in language learning?

Answer 3

It helps expand vocabulary and understand word meanings and grammar

Question 4

Where do most English prefixes originate from?

Answer 4

Old English and classical languages (Greek and Latin).

Question 5

Do prefixes usually change word class?

Answer 5

No, except for “a-”, “be-”, and “en-”, which are conversion prefixes.

Question 6

. What is a negative prefix? Give examples.

Answer 6

Prefixes expressing negation. Ex: un-, in-, non-, dis-, a- (e.g., unfair)

Question 7

What are reversative prefixes?

Answer 7

Indicate undoing (e.g., unbutton, deactivate, disarrange).

Question 8

What is a pejorative prefix?

Answer 8

. Gives a negative or derogatory meaning. Ex: mis-, mal-, pseudo- (e.g., maltreat

Question 9

Q: What does the prefix “re-” indicate?

Answer 9

. Repetition or doing again (e.g., rebuild, reread).

Question 10

What are locative prefixes used for?

Answer 10

To indicate position/direction. Ex: super-, sub-, inter-, trans- (e.g., submarine

Question 11

Give examples of numerical prefixes.

Answer 11

mono-, bi-, tri-, multi-, poly- (e.g., monologue, bilingual).

Question 12

What do degree/size prefixes show?

Answer 12

Intensity or scale. Ex: arch-, mini-, hyper-, over- (e.g., overcooked).

Question 13

What are attitude prefixes?

Answer 13

Indicate point of view or stance. Ex: co-, anti-, counter-, pro- (e.g., proactive).

Question 14

What does suffixation involve?

Answer 14

‘Adding a suffix to the end of a base word to form a new word.

Question 15

What are the two types of suffixation?

Answer 15

Derivational and inflectional.

Question 16

What’s a derivational suffix?

Answer 16

Changes the word’s meaning or class (e.g., teach → teacher).

Question 17

What’s an inflectional suffix?

Answer 17

Shows grammatical change without changing word class (e.g., talk → talked).

Question 18

What is a nominalizer suffix?

Answer 18

Turns verbs/adjectives into nouns (e.g., employ → employee).
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Question 19

What is a verbalizer suffix?

Answer 19

Turns nouns/adjectives into verbs (e.g., prior → prioritize).
‘

Question 20

What is compounding in English?
.

Answer 20

The process of combining two or more free morphemes to form a single word.

Question 21

What is the difference between a compound and a phrase?

Answer 21

A compound is a single word with one main stress; a phrase has multiple stresses.
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Question 22

Give an example of a closed compound.

Answer 22

. Toothbrush, sunflower, bookcase.

Question 23

Give an example of a hyphenated compound.

Answer 23

Life-threatening, mother-in-law.
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Question 24

Give an example of an open compound.

Answer 24

Football stadium, coffee table.

Question 25

Name a compound noun from Noun + Noun.

Answer 25

Toothpaste, bath towel, boyfriend. :

Question 26

Give an example of Adjective + Verb compound verb.

Answer 26

Fine-tune.

Question 27

What is a compound adjective made of Adjective + Noun?

Answer 27

Red-brick, blue-collar.

Question 28

What is an endocentric compound? '

Answer 28

: A compound where the meaning is a subtype of the head (e.g., doghouse = a type of house).

Question 29

What is an exocentric compound?

Answer 29

A compound where the meaning is outside the actual words (e.g., white-collar = office worker).

Question 30

What is a copulative compound?

Answer 30

A compound with two equal parts (e.g., bittersweet = both bitter and sweet). .

Question 31

What are rhyming compounds?

Answer 31

Compounds with two rhyming parts (e.g., lovey-dovey).

Question 32

What is a neologism?

Answer 32

A newly coined word or expression (e.g., podcast, selfie).

Question 33

What is onomatopoeia?

Answer 33

Words that imitate sounds (e.g., buzz, splash).

Question 34

What is an acronym?

Answer 34

: A word formed from the initials of other words and pronounced as a word (e.g., NASA).

Question 35

What’s the difference between acronyms and abbreviations?

Answer 35

Acronyms are read as words (UNESCO); abbreviations are spelled out (USA, UK).

Question 36

What is clipping?

Answer 36

A shortened form of a longer word (e.g., bro from brother).

Question 37

. What is blending?

Answer 37

A mix of two words into one (e.g., brunch = breakfast + lunch).

Question 38

. What is back-formation?

Answer 38

Creating a new word by removing an affix (e.g., televise from television).

Question 39

What is borrowing?

Answer 39

Taking words directly from another language (e.g., kindergarten, piano).

Question 40

What is a calque?

Answer 40

A word-for-word translation from another language (e.g., skyscraper from French)

Question 41

What is conversion in word formation?

Answer 41

Changing a word’s class without altering its form (e.g., email as a noun and verb).