4 Prosthogonimosis and other trematodosis of poultry Flashcards
(14 cards)
1
Q
Prostogonimus
Main species
A
Prostogonimus spp. are considered the most pathogenic trematode of poultry!
- Prostogonimus pellucidus
- Prostogonimus macrorchis
- Prostogonimus ovatus
Other: P. cuneatus, P. anatinus
2
Q
Prostogonimus
Morphology
A
3
Q
Prostogonimus
IH
A
Has 2x IH
1. Water snail (amnicola)
2. Dragonfly
4
Q
Prostogonimus
FH
A
Wild and domestic gallinaceous birds + song birds
- P. pellucidus = fowl, duck and various wild birds
- P. macrorchis = domestic poultry, ducks and wild birds (N. America)
- P. ovatus = fowl, geese and wild birds (Europe, Asia, Africa)
5
Q
Prostogonimus
Location
A
- P. pellucidus = Bursa fabricii, oviduct, posterior intestines
- P. macrorchis = Bursa fabricii, oviduct
- P. ovatus = Bursa fabricii, oviduct
6
Q
Prostogonimus
Eggs
A
- Small
- Oval
- 2x thin shells w/small button on one polar
- Embryonated
7
Q
Prostogonimus
LC
A
8
Q
Prostogonimus
Pathogenesis
A
- Oviduct: cause irritation, result in acute inflammation of oviduct
- Production of abmormal eggs and discharge of albumen from cloaca
- The irritated oviduct performs retroperistaltic movements causing broken yolk, albumen, bacteria and parasites to enter the abdominal cavity = Peritonitis = death (usually)
9
Q
Prostogonimus
Clinical signs
A
- Hens begin to lay eggs with soft or no shell - tend to sit on the nests
- Discharge from cloaca, irritaded oviduct passes the egg rapidly - no shell deposited, but lime secreting function normal
- Listlesness, abdomen is pendulous and legs are wide apart
- Peritonitis: comb and wattles become cyanotic, prostrate then die
10
Q
Prostogonimus
Diagnosis
A
- Coprological examination - Sedimentationethod
- Post-mortem: inflammation of the oviduct - catarrh to croupus, dirty cheesy mass in the lumen
- Post-mortem: Peritonitis, abdominal cavity has dirty fluid and organs are stuck together - cheesy mass
- Post-mortem: Serous membrane show markedcongetion and haemorrhages may be seen
11
Q
Prostogonimus
Treatment
A
- Albendazole
- Fenbendazole
- Praziquantel
12
Q
Prostogonimus
Control
A
Avoid humid areas where dragonfly nymphs can develop
13
Q
Other Trematodosis of Poultry
A
Family: Troglotrematidae
Genus: Troglotrema
Species: T. acutum, T. mustelae
14
Q
Troglotrema
IH+FH+Pathogenesis
A
- Small flukes
- FH: Birds and mammals
- IH: 1. Snail 2. Frogs
- Under skin of birds
- Nasal cavities, sinuses of mammal
- Pathogenisis: Bone perforation, penetrate into the brain
