4 - Sensation and Perception Flashcards
(25 cards)
A researcher wants to study real-time brain activity in people making fast decisions. Which technique is most appropriate?
Answer: (a) EEG
Which imaging technique measures brain activity based on oxygen levels in the blood?
a) EEG
b) PET
c) MRI
d) fMRI
e) CT scan
Answer: (d) fMRI
Which of the following statements about PET scans is FALSE?
a) PET has better spatial resolution than EEG.
b) PET uses a radioactive tracer to measure brain activity.
c) PET is superior to fMRI in detecting rapid neural activity.
d) PET is useful for studying metabolic activity in the brain.
e) PET has been largely replaced by fMRI in psychology.
Answer: (c) PET is superior to fMRI in detecting rapid neural activity.
Damage to the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) would most likely impair:
a) Hearing
b) Balance
c) Vision
d) Touch
e) Smell
Answer: (c) Vision
A person with damage to their thalamus is most likely to experience:
a) Impaired vision, hearing, and touch processing
b) Enhanced sense of smell
c) Increased emotional responses
d) Faster reaction times to stimuli
e) Complete paralysis
Answer: (a) Impaired vision, hearing, and touch processing
Which of the following sensory modalities has the least reliance on the thalamus?
a) Vision
b) Hearing
c) Taste
d) Smell
e) Touch
Answer: (d) Smell
Which of the following best explains why humans perceive afterimages?
a) Trichromatic color theory
b) Opponent-process theory
c) Lateral inhibition
d) Feature detection theory
e) Retinotopic mapping
Answer: (b) Opponent-process theory
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of cones over rods?
a) Higher color sensitivity
b) Faster adaptation to darkness
c) Greater detail resolution
d) Concentrated in the fovea
e) Higher sensitivity to bright light
Answer: (b) Faster adaptation to darkness
If a person is missing their short-wavelength cones, which color will they have the most difficulty perceiving?
a) Red
b) Blue
c) Yellow
d) Green
e) Black
Answer: (b) Blue
Which part of the auditory pathway first processes sound frequency?
a) Thalamus
b) Cochlea
c) Auditory cortex
d) Vestibular nerve
e) Pinna
Answer: (b) Cochlea
Which of the following statements about sound waves is FALSE?
a) Amplitude is related to perceived loudness.
b) Frequency is measured in Hertz (Hz).
c) High-frequency sounds are processed in the cochlea’s apex.
d) The ossicles help transmit sound vibrations.
e) The eardrum vibrates in response to air pressure changes.
Answer: (c) High-frequency sounds are processed in the cochlea’s apex.
A patient cannot recognize objects by touch alone. Which area is most likely damaged?
a) Primary motor cortex
b) Occipital lobe
c) Somatosensory cortex
d) Amygdala
e) Hippocampus
Answer: (c) Somatosensory cortex
Why does rubbing an injured area reduce pain?
a) It increases nerve signal strength.
b) It activates inhibitory neurons in the spinal cord.
c) It increases neurotransmitter release in the thalamus.
d) It redirects blood flow to the brain.
e) It enhances activity in the prefrontal cortex
Answer: (b) It activates inhibitory neurons in the spinal cord.
A researcher plays a sound at a volume that is only detectable 50% of the time. This represents the:
a) Just Noticeable Difference (JND)
b) Subliminal stimulus
c) Absolute threshold
d) Difference threshold
e) Sensory adaptation
Answer: (c) Absolute threshold
According to Weber’s Law, detecting a change in stimulus intensity depends on:
a) The frequency of the stimulus
b) The absolute amount of change
c) The initial intensity of the stimulus
d) The observer’s expectations
e) The presence of background noise
Answer: (c) The initial intensity of the stimulus
During which stage of sleep do we experience the most vivid dreams?
a) NREM1
b) NREM2
c) NREM3
d) NREM4
e) REM
Answer: (e) REM
Which brain waves are dominant during deep sleep?
a) Alpha
b) Beta
c) Delta
d) Theta
e) Gamma
Answer: (c) Delta
Which of the following is NOT a proposed function of sleep?
a) Memory consolidation
b) Emotional regulation
c) Clearing brain waste
d) Improving vision
e) Restoring energy
Answer: (d) Improving vision
Which dream theory suggests that dreams are attempts to make sense of random brain activity?
a) Dream Protection Theory
b) Activation-Synthesis Theory
c) Evolutionary Threat Simulation
d) Freud’s Wish Fulfillment
e) Cognitive Dreaming
Answer: (b) Activation-Synthesis Theory
Which trait is most associated with high responsiveness to hypnosis?
a) Intelligence
b) Creativity
c) Neuroticism
d) Openness to experience
e) Conscientiousness
Answer: (d) Openness to experience
Which of the following has been linked to meditation?
a) Decreased activity in the prefrontal cortex
b) Increased anxiety levels
c) Increased attention regulation
d) Reduced ability to ignore distractions
e) Poorer memory recall
Answer: (c) Increased attention regulation
Which neurotransmitter is most associated with near-death experiences?
a) Dopamine
b) Acetylcholine
c) Endorphins
d) GABA
e) Serotonin
Answer: (c) Endorphins
Which of the following is a common feature of NDEs?
a) Increased heart rate
b) Visual hallucinations
c) Increased REM sleep
d) Loss of motor control
e) Auditory agnosia
Answer: (b) Visual hallucinations
Near-death experiences can be induced by:
a) Oxygen deprivation
b) Increased blood flow
c) Chronic stress
d) Dopamine depletion
e) Damage to the occipital lobe
Answer: (a) Oxygen deprivation
