4. Tissues, Organs & Systems

Question 1

What is a tissue

Answer 1

A group of cells that are specialised to work together to carry out a particular function.
A tissues can contain more than one cell type.

Question 2

4 animal tissues examples

Answer 2

• Squamous epithelium
• Ciliated epithelium
• Muscle tissue
• Cartilage

Question 3

Animal tissues: Squamous epithelium

Answer 3

• A single layer of flat cells lining a surface.
• Found in alveoli in lungs.

Question 4

See pg66 for diagram of squamous epithelium

Question 5

Animal tissues: Ciliated epithelium

Answer 5

• A layer of cells covered in cilia.
• Found in trachea, where cilia waft mucus along.

Question 6

See pg66 for diagram of ciliated epithelium

Question 7

Animal tissues: Muscle tissue

Answer 7

• Made up of bundles of elongated cells called muscle fibres.
• 3 different types of muscle tissue: smooth (eg. lining of stomach wall), cardiac (found in heart) & skeletal (you use to move).
• All slightly diff in structure.

Question 8

See pg66 for diagram of skeletal muscle tissue

Question 9

Animal tissues: Cartilage

Answer 9

• A type of connective tissue found in the joints.
• Also shapes & supports the ears, nose & windpipe.
• Formed when cells called chondroblasts secrete an extracellular matrix (substance containing protein fibres), which they become trapped inside.

Question 10

See pg66 for diagram of cartilage

Question 11

2 plant tissues example

Answer 11

• Xylem tissue
• Phloem tissue

Question 12

Plant tissues: Xylem tissue

Answer 12

• A plant tissue w 2 jobs: transports water around plant & supports the plant.
• Contains dead, hollow xylem vessel cells & living parenchyma cells.

Question 13

See pg66 for diagram of xylem tissue

Question 14

Plant tissues: Phloem tissue

Answer 14

• Transports sugars around plant.
• Arranged in tubes & made up of sieve cells, companion cells, & some ordinary plant cells.
• Each sieve cell has end walls w holes - so sap can move easily through them.
• These end walls are called sieve plates

Question 15

See pg66 for diagram of phloem tissue

Question 16

What is an organ

Answer 16

A group of different tissues that work together to perform a particular function.

Question 17

Examples of organ in HUMANS

Answer 17

Lungs - contain squamous epithelial tissue (in alveoli) & ciliated epithelial tissue (in bronchi).
Also have elastic connective tissue & vascular tissue (in blood vessels).

Question 18

Example of organ in PLANTS

Answer 18

Leaves - contain palisade tissue for photosynthesis, as well as epidermal tissue (to prevent water loss from leaf), and xylem & phloem tissues in the veins.

Question 19

What are organ systems

Answer 19

Organs work together to form organ systems - each system has a particular function.

Question 20

Example of organ systems

Answer 20

1. The respiratory system
2. The circulatory system

Question 21

Organ systems: The respiratory system

Answer 21

• Made up of all the organs, tissues & cells involved in breathing.
• The lungs, trachea, larynx, nose, mouth, & diaphragm are all part of respiratory system.

Question 22

See pg67 for breakdown of respiratory system as eg of organ system

Question 23

Organ systems: The circulatory system

Answer 23

• Made up of the organs involved in blood supply.
• The heart, arteries, veins & capillaries are all part of circulatory system.