Neck

Question 1

The superior thyroid artery comes from?

Answer 1

External carotid.

Inferior thyroid a. comes from the thyrocervical trunk

Question 2

Contents of the carotid sheath?

Answer 2

Common and internal carotid
Internal jugular
Vagus nerve

Question 3

The bifurcation of the internal and external jugular can be palpapted where?

Answer 3

beneath the anterior border of the SCM, at the level of the superior border of the thyroid cartilage

Question 4

If a patient was stabbed at the area bound by the posterior belly of the digastric, superior belly of the omohyoid and anterior border of the SCM, the profuse, potentially fatal bleeding would likely come from:

a. Brachiocephalic trunk
b. External carotid
c. Internal Carotid
d. Common Carotid

Answer 4

C. The area described is the CAROTID TRIANGLE

Question 5

Sentinel nodes in the supraclavicular region, particularly, the at the right, are aka?

Answer 5

Virchow’s node; sentinel for metastatic gastric Ca

Question 6

A surgeon performing a thyroidectomy encountered profuse bleeding when he took on a midline approach upon approaching the isthmus. What vessel was hit?

Answer 6

Thyroidea ima artery, a branch of the aortic arch or the brachiocephalic trunk

Question 7

What is the first endocrine gland to develop, just 24 days after fertilization?

Answer 7

Thyroid

Question 8

The thyroid gland is embryologically connected to the tongue via what structure?

Answer 8

thyroglossal duct

Question 9

In a cricothyroidectomy, the cricothyroid membrane is located ______ to the thyroid cartilage and ______ to the cricoid.

Answer 9

Inferior, superior

Question 10

The cricoid cartilage is at the level of?

Answer 10

C6

Question 11

Tacheoesophageal fistulae develop when there is an error or insult in the _____ week.

Answer 11

4th week of development.

Laryngotracheal diverticulum in the foregut–> tracheoespophageal folds–>tracheoesophageal septum

Question 12

The only laryngeal muscle not supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve?

Answer 12

Cricothyroid; supplied by the external laryngeal nerve

Question 13

Sensory nerve for regions above the vocal cord

Answer 13

Internal laryngeal nerve

Below: recurrent ln

Question 14

Chief tensor of the vocal cords?

Answer 14

Cricothyroid.

Also sole laryngeal muscle not supplied by the recurrent LN

Question 15

Bilateral malfunction of this laryngeal muscle could cause respiratory distress or even death. Which muscle is it?

Answer 15

Posterior cricoarytenoid: ABductor.

Lateral is the ADductor

Question 16

Relaxes the vocal cords

Answer 16

Thyroarytenoid

Question 17

The LEFT recurrent laryngeal nerve is most commonly injured as compared to the right because?

Answer 17

It hooks around the arch of the aorta. The right hooks around the subclavian.

Question 18

What is the only thyroid vein that drains into the brachiocephalic vein?

Answer 18

Inferior thyroid

Question 19

The ____ is the nervous supply of the infrahyoid muscles.

Answer 19

Ansa cervicalis (omohyoid, sternohyoid and sternothyroid)

Question 20

The phrenic nerve is derived from which cervical branches?

Answer 20

C3, 4, 5

Question 21

Most common zone of the neck injured?

Answer 21

Zone 2: from cricoid cartilage up to angle of mandible

-larynx, carotids, esophagus, jugular veins

Question 22

Fatality secondary to airway obstruction can occur if which zones of the neck are injured?

Answer 22

Zone 1 (root of neck, clavicles, manubrium up to cricoid: lung apex, trachea, esophagus, common carotid) and 
Zone 3 (above angle of mandible: naso amd oropharynx).

Question 23

The hyoid is in which level?

Answer 23

C3

Question 24

What is the only bone in the body that lacks other bony articulations?

a. Patella
b. Hyoid
c. Lunate
d. Psiform

Answer 24

B. Hyoid. it is held in place by supra and infrahyoid muscles

Question 25

All suprahyoid muscles, except the geniohyoid, are supplied by which nerve?

a. Ansa cevicalis
b. Facial nerve
c. First cervical nerve
d. Vagus

Answer 25

B. Facial nerve.

the Ansa cervicalis supplies the INFRAhyoid muscles and it is the first cervical nerve that supplies the geniohyoid.

Question 26

A patient, after suffering from a laceration in the right neck, developed the inability to turn his head to the left and weakness in shrugging his right shoulder after he was hemodynamically stabilized. Which triangle of the neck was most likely affect by his injury?

a. Carotid
b. Muscular
c. Occipital
d. Supraclavicular

Answer 26

C. Occipital, because the Spinal Accessory nerve passes through here!

Question 27

An injury in the cervical plexus would most likely affect which of the following vessels due to its proximity to the aforementioned structure?

a. External carotid
b. Internal carotid
c. Internal jugular
d. External jugular

Answer 27

C. Internal jugular

Question 28

Which of the following pairs of muscle and functions are correctly matched?

a. Sternohyoid: elevator of the hyoid
b. Sternothyroid: depresses the larynx
c. Thyrohyoid: depresses the larynx
d. Omohyoid: Elevates hyoid

Answer 28

B. The SternoTHYROID DEPRESSES THE LARYNX.
SternoHYOID DEPRESSES the HYOID (all sternos are depressors)
OMOHYOID: DEPRESSES the HYOID
THYROHYOID: ONLY ONE that ELEVATES the LARYNX, also depresses the hyoid.
(remember, mas maraming depressed na infrahyoid muscles)