The Skeletal System: Bones Flashcards
What does the skeletal system contain?
- Bones
- Cartilage
- Ligaments
Name the 5 primary functions of the skeletal system.
- Support
- Storage of minerals and lipids
- Blood cell production
- Protection
- Leverage/movement
Identify the six broad categories for classifying a bone according to shape.
- Sutural Bones
- Irregular Bones
- Short Bones
- Long Bones
- Flat Bones
- Sesamoid Bones
Name the four types of bone cells.
- Osteocyte
- Osteoblast
- Osteoclast
- (Osteoprogenitor)
Describe the role of osteocytes.
Osteocytes are mature bone cells that maintain the bone matrix. They sense bone strain and damage.
Describe the role of osteoblasts.
Osteoblasts produce new bone.
Describe the role of osteoclasts.
Osteoclasts remove and recycle bone.
What occurs in yellow bone marrow?
Energy reserves are stored as lipids.
What occurs in red bone marrow?
Red blood cells and white blood cells are produced.
What type of bone is this?
Sutural Bone
What type of bone is this?
Irregular Bone
What type of bone is this?
Short Bone
What type of bone is this?
Long Bone
What type of bone is this?
Flat Bone
What type of bone is this?
Sesamoid Bone
What is the diaphysis?
The tubular shaft in the bone.
What is the epiphysis?
The end of the bone.
What is the epiphyseal plate?
The Growth Plate - it is only present until growth stops.
What is the medullary cavity?
Central cavity of the bone shaft where red (children) or yellow (limb bones & skull in adults) bone marrow is stored.
What is compact bone?
Solid bone that forms a protective layer around the medullary cavity.
What is cancellous bone?
Otherwise known as spongy bone, it consists of an open network of struts and plates that resemble latticework.
What is articular cartilage?
The smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints.