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Cross Culture Business > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the fastest growing ethnic group in the U.S?

A

Hispanics

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2
Q

What are cultural norms?

A

the accepted and expected ways of behaving and interacting with other people

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3
Q

Culture holds group communication pattern’s, what does that mean?

A

How a group solves problems, how a group perceives and possesses on its shared values, beliefs, attitudes and behaviours

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4
Q

What are the six dimensions that Kluckhon, Strodbeck created

A

environment, time, people, activity, responsibility and space

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5
Q

Is culture dynamic or static?

A

Dynamic, it changes with people, geographical and historical events, and technological advances

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6
Q

What influence do our values have on us?

A

Values make us who we are and that shape all other structures in our attitudinal system

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7
Q

Our Beliefs

A

Truths we hold to be self-evident because they are based on our values

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8
Q

Attitudes

A

orientation or position, attitude gives some meaning and direction to our beliefs

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9
Q

Behaviour

A

Visible portion of our system of beliefs

Defined by, the direct result of all these structures and is found at the uppermost level of our attitudinal system

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10
Q

HI MR. K. Cram, Bestv

A
  1. Hierarchies
  2. Meanings
  3. Religion
  4. Knowledge
  5. Concepts of the universe
  6. Roles
  7. Attitudes
  8. Material objects
  9. Beliefs
  10. Experience
  11. Spatial Relationships
  12. Timing
  13. Values
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11
Q

What are the three things that people have in common

A
  1. genetic inheritance
  2. Basic human nature
    - food, water, sleep, shelter, clothing, sex
  3. Facial expressions
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12
Q

What are the 6 characteristics of culture

A
  1. Learned
  2. Transmitted from generation to generation
    • stories, traditions, holidays, parents, education, proverbs, ehhh, sayings
  3. Based on Symbols
    • maple leaf
    • Currency
    • Religious Icons
    • Clothing
  4. Dynamic
  5. Integrated
  6. Ethnocentric- you think your culture is the best
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13
Q

Perception

A

a cognitive process in which we attach meaning to objects, symbols, people and behaviour in order to make sense of them

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14
Q

Schema or Schemata

A

help us categorize what we know, for example, ways of greetings, bowing shaking hands etc

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15
Q

Why does “stereotype” set up limitations for understanding?

A

People can grow inflexible with the ways in which we categorize the behaviour of someone from another culture

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16
Q

What are the five dimensions that describe how the national culture is organized?

A
  1. Collectivism/individualism
  2. Uncertainty avoidance
  3. Long-term/Short-Term orientation
  4. Power distance
  5. Masculinity/femininity
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17
Q

What is the most important symbol of culture?

A

Language

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18
Q

What is the definition of culture?

A
  • Acquired by a group of people in the course of generations through individual and group striving
  • Culture refers to a particular group of people at a particular place at a particular time
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19
Q

What does ethnocentrism mean?

A

Thinking your culture is the best

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20
Q

How is culture transmitted from generation to generation?

A

Through media, parents, teachers, etc

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21
Q

How is culture dynamic?

A

Aging population, technology, communication

22
Q

What does it mean that culture is integrated?

A

You dont even think about it, you dont question why you show up to a doctors appointment on time, makes complete sense to people that are part of it

23
Q

What is cultural relativity

A

A cultural philosophy we want to use: The idea that there is no good or bad culture just different ones
Problem with this statement, NAZI GERMANY, INDIA

24
Q

Moral Relativity

A

Moral relativism may be any of several philosophical positions concerned with the differences in moral judgments across different people and cultures. Descriptive moral relativism holds only that some people do in fact disagree about what is moral; meta-ethical moral relativism holds that in such disagreements, nobody is objectively right or wrong; and normative moral relativism holds that because nobody is right or wrong, we ought to tolerate the behavior of others even when we disagree about the morality of it.

25
Q

According to Moral Relativism

A

There is no goodness or badness in the abstract; there is only goodness or badness within a specified context

26
Q

Ethical principles are?

A

Culturally bound, context dependent, and only applicable to their respective cultures

27
Q

Worldview is defined by?

A

a culture’s orientation toward god, humanity, nature, questions of existence, cosmos, life, death, sickness, and other issues that influence how its members see the world

28
Q

Inshallah

A

If god wants

29
Q

What is a global village

A

A single community that is connected by telecommunications

30
Q

What are the layers in the hidden dimension of Culture

A
  1. Behaviour
  2. Attitudes
  3. Beliefs
  4. Values
31
Q

What are the pieces of an the Onion?

A

Outer Layer
Middle Layer
The Core

32
Q

What is the outer layer of the onion or culture?

A

Explicit and specific products (observable) like clothing, language, food, clothing, gestures, buildings, music,

33
Q

What is the middle layer of culture

A

Norms, values of a particular group, deeper layer of culture
Norms are accepted ways of enacting a culture
Values are standards by which we live our lives
Ex Lining up for the bus, apologizing

34
Q

What is the third layer of culture?

A

The Core
Assumptions about existence
The problems of daily life are so routine, but we do not think about what we do

35
Q

What is power distance

A

The extent to which a society accepts that power in institutions, organizations, and societies is distributed unequally

36
Q

What is Holfstedesd’s cultural framework?

Five aspects

A 
Power Distance
Individualism vs collectivism 
Masculinity vs femininity  
Uncertainty avoidance 
Long term vs short term orientation
37
Q

What is individualism

A

Degree to which people prefer to act as individuals rather than as members of a group and believe in individual rights above all else

38
Q

What is Collectivism

A

Emphasizes a tight social framework in which people expect others in groups of which they are a part to look after them and protect them

39
Q

How is individualism and collectivism distinctive?

A

I vs WE

40
Q

Masculinity

A

The extent to which the culture favours traditional masculine roles of achievement, power, and control

41
Q

Femininity

A

A national cultural attribute that sees little difference between male and female roles. Places high value on the quality of life, interpersonal relationships, nurturing behaviours

42
Q

Uncertainty Avoidance

A

The extent to which a society feels threatened by uncertain and ambiguous situations and tries to avoid them

43
Q

Long Term Orientation

A

Emphasizes the future, thrift, and persistence

44
Q

Short Term Orientation

A

Emphasizes the past and the present, respect for tradition and fulfillment of social obligations

45
Q

What are the Stages of Intercultural Sensitivity

A 
SELF CENTERED 
Denial
Defense
Minimization
OTHER- CENTERED
Acceptance 
Adaptation 
Integration
46
Q

What are the three predictors of Power Distance

A

Climate: Moderate to cold climates have low power distance
Population size: higher the population, higher power distance
The distribution of wealth: rather than the overall amount, is the best predictor of power distribution

47
Q

Why do colder climates have less power distance

A

In colder climates survival and growth can occur only if the culture can develop only if everyone works together

48
Q

Why do large population sizes generally mean greater power distance

A

Large societies are inherently more complex than smaller ones and require more centralization of power to function, which results in the creation of a political hierarchy and elite who should not be challenged or questioned

49
Q

Cultural Filters

A

What we pay attention to and what we ignore, protecting against information overload

50
Q

Communication is…

A

The transfer of meaning

Cross Culture Business (5 decks)

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